Contextual influences on children’s mental health and

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1、ChildDevelopment,September/October2007,Volume78,Number5,Pages1572–1591ContextualInfluencesonChildren’sMentalHealthandSchoolPerformance:TheModeratingEffectsofFamilyImmigrantStatusKatholikiGeorgiades,MichaelH.Boyle,andEricDukuMcMasterUniversityDatafromana

2、tionallyrepresentativesampleof13,470childrenaged4–11yearswereusedtostudycontextualinfluencesonchildren’smentalhealthandschoolperformance,themoderatingeffectsoffamilyimmigrantstatusandunderlyingfamilyprocessesthatmightexplaintheserelationships.Despitegre

3、atersocioeconomicdisadvantage,childrenlivinginrecentimmigrantfamilieshadlowerlevelsofemotional–behavioralproblemsandhigherlevelsofschoolperformance.Livinginaneighborhoodcharacterizedwithhigherconcentrationofimmigrantswasassociatedwithlowerlevelsofemotio

4、nal–behavioralproblemsamongchildrenlivinginimmigrantfamilies;thereversewastrueforchildrenlivinginnonimmigrantfamilies.Thesedifferencesarepartiallyexplainedbyfamilyprocessvariables.Theimplicationsofthesefindingsforfutureresearchandpolicyarediscussed.Leve

5、lsofimmigrationtoCanadaarehighernowthanImmigrantFamilyStatusandChildren’sBehavioratanypointduringthepast70years.AccordingtotheThedetrimentaleffectsonchildmentalhealth,2001Census,18.4%ofthetotalCanadianpopulationinterpersonalfunctioning,andacademicachiev

6、e-isforeignborn(StatisticsCanada,2003a).RecentmentstemmingfromexposuretofamilypovertyimmigrantfamiliesinCanadaarefarmorelikelythanandneighborhooddisadvantagehavebeendocu-nonimmigrantfamiliestoexperiencesocioeconomicmentedrepeatedly(Boyle&Lipman,2002;Bro

7、dydisadvantage(Beiser,Hou,Hyman,&Tousignant,etal.,2001;Brooks-Gunn,Duncan,&Aber,1997;2002;Georgiades,Boyle,Duku,&Racine,2006;Heisz&Duncan&Brooks-Gunn,2000;Leventhal&Brooks-McLeod,2004;Schellenberg,2004).Roughly49.0%ofGunn,2000;McLoyd,1998).Althoughimmig

8、rantyouthchildrenlivinginthesefamiliesareexposedtoareexposeddisproportionatelytotheserisks(Beiserpovertycomparedto17.6%ofnonimmigrantchildrenetal.,2002;Heisz&McLeod,2004;Schellenberg,(StatisticsCanada,2003b).Thereisgrowingevidenc