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ID:40089140
大小:5.13 MB
页数:812页
时间:2019-07-20
《principle of polymerization》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、CHAPTER1INTRODUCTIONPolymersaremacromoleculesbuiltupbythelinkingtogetheroflargenumbersofmuchsmallermolecules.Thesmallmoleculesthatcombinewitheachothertoformpolymermole-culesaretermedmonomers,andthereactionsbywhichtheycombinearetermedpolymer-izations.Theremaybehundreds,thousands
2、,tensofthousands,ormoremonomermoleculeslinkedtogetherinapolymermolecule.Whenonespeaksofpolymers,oneisconcernedwithmaterialswhosemolecularwightsmayreachintothehundredsofthousandsormillions.1-1TYPESOFPOLYMERSANDPOLYMERIZATIONSTherehasbeenandstillisconsiderableconfusionconcerningt
3、heclassificationofpolymers.Thisisespeciallythecaseforthebeginningstudentwhomustappreciatethatthereisnosinglegenerallyacceptedclassificationthatisunambiguous.Duringthedevelopmentofpolymerscience,twotypesofclassificationshavecomeintouse.Oneclassificationisbasedonpolymerstructureanddi
4、videspolymersintocondensationandadditionpolymers.Theotherclassificationisbasedonpolymerizationmechanismanddividespolymerizationsintostepandchainpolymerizations.Confusionarisesbecausethetwoclassificationsareoftenusedinterchangeablywithoutcarefulthought.Thetermscondensationandstepa
5、reoftenusedsynonymously,asarethetermsadditionandchain.Althoughthesetermsmayoftenbeusedsynonymouslybecausemostcondensationpolymersareproducedbysteppoly-merizationsandmostadditionpolymersareproducedbychainpolymerizations,thisisnotalwaysthecase.Thecondensation–additionclassificatio
6、nisbasedonthecompositionorstructureofpolymers.Thestep–chainclassificationisbasedonthemechanismsofthepoly-merizationprocesses.PrinciplesofPolymerization,FourthEdition.ByGeorgeOdianISBN0-471-27400-3Copyright#2004JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.12INTRODUCTION1-1aPolymerCompositionandStructurePo
7、lymerswereoriginallyclassifiedbyCarothers[1929]intocondensationandadditionpoly-mersonthebasisofthecompositionaldifferencebetweenthepolymerandthemonomer(s)fromwhichitwassynthesized.Condensationpolymerswerethosepolymersthatwereformedfrompolyfunctionalmonomersbythevariouscondensati
8、onreactionsoforganicchemistrywiththeeliminationofsomes
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