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1、JOURNALOFCELLULARPHYSIOLOGY196:430443(2003)EndothelialCellFunctionsCARINEMICHIELS*LaboratoiredeBiochimieetBiologiecellulaire,UniversityofNamur,Namur,BelgiumEndothelialcellsplayawidevarietyofcriticalrolesinthecontrolofvascularfunction.Indeed,sincetheearly1980s,theaccumulatingknowledgeoftheen
2、dothelialcellstructureaswellasofthefunctionalpropertiesoftheendothelialcellsshiftedtheirrolefromapassivemembraneorbarriertoacomplextissuewithcomplexfunctionsadaptabletoneedsspecificintimeandlocation.Hence,itparticipatestoallaspectsofthevascularhomeostasisbutalsotophysiologicalorpathologicalp
3、rocesseslikethrombosis,inflammation,orvascularwallremodeling.Someofthemostimportantendothelialfunctionswillbedescribedinthefollowingreviewandmorespecifically,theirroleinbloodvesselformation,incoagulationandfibribolysis,intheregulationofvasculartoneaswellastheirparticipationininflammatoryreactio
4、nsandintumorneoangiogenesis.J.Cell.Physiol.196:430–443,2003.ß2003Wiley-Liss,Inc.Theadvancesmadeinvascularbiologyinrecentyearsquentlyrequiredforfurtherremodelingandmaturationaretremendousandtheyhaveledtosignificantinsightsofthisinitiallyimmaturevasculaturenotablyasendo-intotheunderstandingoft
5、heetiologyofvascularthelialcellsintegratewithsupportingcellssuchasdiseases,atherosclerosisbeingtheepitomizedexample.smoothmusclecellsandpericytes.FollowingvesselTheyhavealsoledtoimprovementsinthetreatmentofmaturation,Ang1seemstocontinuetobeimportantinthesediseaseslikethemarketingofstatinsfo
6、rpreven-maintainingthequiescenceandstabilityofthematuretionofatherosclerosisandthedevelopmentofanti-vasculature(GaleandYancopoulos,1999;Yancopoulosangiogenicdrugsforinhibitingtumorgrowth.Theetal.,2000).endothelialcellsarethemainregulatorofvascularVEGFhomeostasis,interactingwithcirculatingce
7、llsononehand,andcellspresentinthevascularwall,smoothVEGFwasinitiallydefined,characterized,andpur-musclecells,ontheotherhand.Inaddition,beingtheifiedforitsabilitytoinducevascularleakandperme-interfacebetweenbloodandtissue,theyaremostlyabilityaswellasforitsa
