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1、ChaPter5MaterialPropertyChartsandTheirUses5.1MaterialProPertyChartsDatasheetsformaterialslisttheirmechanical,thermal,electrical,andopticalproperties,buttheygivenoperspectiveandpresentnocomparisons.Thewaytoachievetheseistoplotmaterialpropertycharts.Suchchartsdisplaymaterialpropertiesinwaysthatallow
2、easeofcomparisonand,inconjunctionwithmaterialindices,enableoptimizedselectiontomeetspecifieddesignrequirements.Thischapterintroducesthecharts,selectionmethods,andoptimi-zationtechniques.theModulusBarChartandtheModulus–DensityBubbleChartPropertychartsareoftwotypes:barchartsandbubblecharts.Abarchart
3、issimplyaplotofoneproperty.Figure5.1showsanexample;itisabarchartforYoung’smodulus,E.Thelargestismorethan10milliontimesgreaterthanthesmallest(manyotherpropertieshavesimilarlylargeranges)soitmakessensetoplotthemonlogarith-1mic,notlinear,scales,ashere.Thelengthofeachbarshowstherangeofthepropertyforea
4、chofthematerials,heresegregatedbyfamily.Thedifferencesbetweenthefamiliesnowbecomeappar-ent.Metalsandceramicshavehighmoduli.Thoseofpolymersaresmaller,byafactorofabout50,thanthoseofmetals.Thoseofelastomersaresome500timessmallerstill.1Logarithmicmeansthatthescalegoesupinconstantmultiples,usuallyof10.
5、Weliveinalogarith-micworld;oursenses,forinstance,allrespondinthatway.Nanomaterials,NanotechnologiesandDesignCopyright2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsofreproductioninanyformreserved.147148ChaPter5MaterialPropertyChartsandtheirUsesLowalloysteelWC1000HighcarbonsteelBCStainlesssteelSiCAluminaAl-SiCCompositeT
6、i-alloys100CFRPCFRPCu-alloysZn-alloysGlassCeramicGlassceramicAl-alloysAcetal,POMSilicaglass10Mg-alloysPolyester,rigidPSABSSoda-LimeglassSoda-limeglassGFRPABS(GPa)PURPlywoodE1PCPEPPPTFEMany10-1IonomerIonomerdecadesModulus,-2LogEVA10scalePolyurethane10-3NaturalRubber(NR)Naturalrubber(NR)Neoprene-4Me
7、talsPolymersCeramicsHybridsMetalsMetalsPolymersCeramicsPolymersCeramics&glassCompositesHybrids10Figure5.1Abarchartofmodulus.Thechartrevealsthedifferenceinstiffnessbetweenthefamilies.Moreinformationispackedintothe
