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The Status of Moral Emotions in Consequentialist Moral Reasoning英文资料

The Status of Moral Emotions in Consequentialist Moral Reasoning英文资料

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时间：2019-06-24

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1、TheStatusofMoralEmotionsinConsequentialistMoralReasoningByRobertH.FrankCornellUniversityPresentedat“FreeEnterprise:ValuesinAction”GruterInstitute/JohnTempletonFoundation/UCLA-SloanResearchProgram4thWorkingConferenceatHarvardBusinessSchoolJune20-21,20062TheStatus

2、ofMoralEmotionsinConsequentialistMoralReasoningby1RobertH.FrankThephilosopherBernardWilliamsdescribesanexampleinwhichabotanistwandersintoavillageinthejunglewhereteninnocentpeopleareabouttobeshot.Heistoldthatnineofthemwillbesparedifhehimselfwillshootthetenth.What

3、shouldthebotanistdo?Althoughmostpeoplewouldprefertoseeonlyoneinnocentpersondieratherthanten,Williamsarguesthatkillingtheinnocentvillagerisnotbyanymeansthe2obviouslyrightthingforJimtodo.Andmostpeopleseemtoagree.Theforceoftheexampleisitsappealtoawidelysharedmorali

4、ntuition.Yetsomephilosopherscounterthatitisthepresumedvalidityofmoralintuitionsthatsuchexamplescallintoquestion(Singer,2002).Theseconsequentialistsinsistthatwhetheranactionismorallyrightdependsonlyonitsconsequences.Therightchoice,theyargue,isalwaystheonethatlead

5、stothebestoverallconsequences.Iwillarguethatconsequentialistsmakeapersuasivecasethatmoralintuitionsarebestignoredinatleastsomespecificcases.Butmanyconsequentialistsappeartotakethestrongerpositionthatmoralintuitionsshouldplaynoroleinmoralchoice.Iwillargueagainstt

6、hatpositiononthegroundsthatshouldappealtotheirwayofthinking.AsIwillattempttoexplain,ignoringmoralintuitionswouldleadtoundesirableconsequences.Mybroaderaimistoexpandtheconsequentialistframeworktotakeexplicitaccountofmoralsentiments.1HenriettaJohnsonLouisProfessor

7、ofManagementandProfessorofEconomics,JohnsonGraduateSchoolofManagement,CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY14853.2Williams,1973.3Consequentialistvs.DeontologicalMoralTheoriesConsequentialismdiffersfromtraditional,ordeontological,moraltheories,whichholdthattherightchoicemu

8、stbeidentifiedonthebasisofunderlyingmoralprinciples.Theseprinciplesmayspringfromreligioustradition(forexample,theTenCommandments)butneednot(forexample,Kant’scategoric

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