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1、系统解剖学局部解剖学Regionalanatomy主讲人：侯一平教授 兰州大学基础医学院解剖教研室January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG头部面部颅部January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.Allrightreservedby
2、YPHOUandYFSONG境界与分区头部与颈界线是：下颌骨下缘、下颌角、乳突、上项线和枕外隆凸间的连线。头部分为后上方的颅部和前下方的面部，界线是：眶上缘、颧弓、外耳门和乳突连线头部与颈：下颌骨下缘、下颌角、乳突、上项线和枕外隆凸间的连线。头部分为颅部和面部，界线是：眶上缘、颧弓、外耳门和乳突连线。January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandY
3、FSONG第一节面部一、浅层结构二、肌肉三、面部的血管神经四、面侧区January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG1.皮肤：薄而软血管较丰富及含大量的毛囊、皮脂腺和汗腺，三个特点很突出。2.浅筋膜：内含丰富血管、神经、大量的表情肌。一、浅层结构January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMe
4、dicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG二、面部肌肉表情肌咀嚼肌January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG重要的面肌有：1.眼轮匝肌2.口轮匝肌3.枕额肌和帽状腱膜January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMed
5、icine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG4、咀嚼肌:四对翼内肌翼外肌颞肌咬肌January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG三、面部的血管神经1.血管（1）面部血供丰富，面浅层动脉主要是面动脉。（2）面静脉和“危险三角”January,2007Copyright©De
6、part.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG（1）分布于面部的感觉神经和支配咀嚼肌的神经为三叉神经2.面部神经分布January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG（2）支配表情肌活动的为面神经，分为五组分支：1）颞支2）颧支
7、3）颊支4）下颌缘支5）颈支January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG四、面侧区（一）腮腺咬肌区（二）面侧深区January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG（一）腮腺咬肌区
8、主要结构为腮腺及穿腮腺的结构。January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUandYFSONG以下颌支后缘为标志分为浅、深二部。浅部略呈锥形。1.腮腺的位置和外形January,2007Copyright©Depart.Anatomy,SchoolofMedicine,LanzhouUniversity.AllrightreservedbyYPHOUan
