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1、Chapter1alloy合金atomic-scalearchitecture原子尺度结构（构造）brittle脆性的ceramic陶瓷composite复合材料concrete混凝土conductor?导体crystalline?晶态的devitrified反玻璃化的（晶化的）ductility（可）延（展）性，可锻性electronicandmagneticmaterial?电子和磁性材料element元素fiberglass玻璃钢glass玻璃glass-ceramic玻璃陶瓷/微晶玻璃insulat

2、or绝缘体materialsscienceandengineering材料科学与工程materialsselection材料选择metallic金属的microcircuitry微电路microscopic-scalearchitecture微观尺度结构（构造）noncrystalline非晶态的nonmetallic非金属的oxide氧化物periodictable周期表plastic塑性的、塑料polyethylene聚乙烯polymer聚合物property性能（质）refractory耐火材料、耐火

3、的semiconductor半导体silica石英、二氧化硅silicate硅酸盐silicon硅steel钢structuralmaterial结构材料wood木材Chapter7aluminumalloy铝合金grayiron灰口铁amorphousmetal无定形金属high-alloysteel高合金钢austeniticstainlesssteel奥氏体不锈钢high-strengthlow-alloysteel高强度低合金钢Brinellhardnessnumber布氏硬度值Hooke’slaw

4、胡克定律carbonsteel碳钢impactenergy冲击能castiron铸铁leadalloy铅合金CharpytestCharpy试验low-alloysteel低合金钢coldworking冷作加工loweryieldpoint屈服点下限copperalloy铜合金magnesiumalloy镁合金creepcurve蠕变曲线malleableiron可锻铸铁primarystage第一（初期）阶段martensiticstainlesssteel马氏体不锈钢secondarystage第二阶段

5、modulusofelasticity弹性模量tertiary(final)?stage第三（最后）阶段modulusofrigidity刚性模量dislocationclimb位错攀（爬）移nickelalloy镍合金ductileiron球墨铸铁nickel-aluminumsuperalloy镍铝超合金ductile-to-brittletransitiontemperature韧性-脆性转变温度nonferrousalloy非铁合金ductility（可）延（展）性，可锻性plasticdeform

6、ation塑性变形elasticdeformation弹性变形Poission’sratio泊松比engineeringstrain工程应变preciousmetal贵金属engineeringstress工程应力precipitation-hardenedstainlesssteel沉淀(脱溶)硬化不锈钢fatiguecurve疲劳曲线rapidlysolidifiedalloy速凝合金/快速固化合金fatiguestrength(endurancelimit)疲劳强度（耐久极限）refractory?m

7、etal耐火（高温）金属ferriticstainlesssteel铁素体不锈钢Rockwellhardness洛氏硬度ferrousalloy铁基合金shearmodulus剪（切）模量fracturemechanics断裂机制shearstrain剪（切）应变fracturetoughness断裂韧性shearstress剪（切）应力6gagelength标距（长度），计量长度，有效长度solutionhardening固溶强化galvanization电镀，镀锌steel钢strainhardenin

8、g应变强化whiteiron白铁，白口铁superalloy超合金wroughtalloy可锻（锻造、轧制）合金tensilestrength拉伸强度yieldpoint屈服点titaniumalloy钛合金yieldstrength屈服强度toolsteel工具钢Young’smodulus杨氏模量toughness韧性zincalloy锌合金upperyieldpoint屈服点上限Chapter8anneal