中国15城市儿童血铅水平及

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1、中华流行病学杂志2005年9月第26卷第9期ChinJEpidemiot,September.2005,Vol.26,No.9651'JL童铅中毒·中国15城市儿童血铅水平及影响因素现况调查张帅明戴耀华谢晓桦樊朝阳谈藏文[摘要】目的调查中国城市0-6岁儿童血铅水平，为制定防止环境铅污染，保护儿童健康政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法在全国15个中心城市中采集0--6岁儿童末梢血17141份，采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铅水平，同时进行问卷调查。采用多元回归分析方法进行结果分析。结果中国城市儿童血铅总体均值为59.52pg/L，血铅水平妻100

2、ug/L占10.45010，血铅水平妻200pg/l.仅有0.62%。血铅水平有随着年龄增大而升高的趋势，男童的血铅水平均值(59.50pg/L)高于女童血铅水平均值(54.95pg/L)。多元回归分析表明:①儿童生活居住环境会影响儿童的血铅水平。②父母的文化程度和职业以及儿童生活或卫生习惯对儿童血铅有影响。③饮食以及营养状况也与儿童血铅水平有关。结论中国儿童血铅水平已有所下降，但仍高于发达国家儿童血铅水平，需要引起政府和全社会的重视。【关键词】血铅;儿童;相关因素Studyonbloodleadlevelandrelatedriskfactorsam

3、ongchildrenaged0-6yearsin15citiesinChinaZHANGShuai-ming，DAIYao-hua，XIEXiao-hua，FANZhao-yang，TANZang-wen.DepartmentofEarlyChildhoodDevelopment，CapitalInstituteofPediatrics，Beijing100020，China(Abstract]ObjectiveToobservebloodleadlevelandrelatedriskfactorsamongchildrenaged0-6yearso

4、ldlivingincitiesinChinaandtoprovidedataforpolicydevelopmenttothepreventiononenvironmentalleadpollution.MethodsAstratified-clustered-randomsamplingmethodwasused.17141peripheralbloodsamplesof0-6yearsoldchildrenfrom15citiesinChinaweretested.Tungstenatomizerabsorptionspectrophotomet

5、erwasemployedtodeterminedthebloodleadlevel.Relatedfactorswerealsostudiedusingastandardizedquestionnaire.Datawereanalyzedonrelatedriskfactorsthataffectingbloodleadlevelsthroughmultipleregressionmethod.ResultsThemeanbloodleadlevelof0-6yearsoldchildrenfrom15citiesinChinawas59.52pg/

6、Lincluding10.45%ofthose)100pg/L,and0.62%)200ug/L.However,thebloodleadlevelsseemedtohavehadatrendofincreaseparalleltoageamong0-6years-oldchildrenandwerehigherforboys(59.50leg/L)thangirls(54.95kg/L).Theriskfactorswhichinfluenceingchildren'sbloodleadlevelswouldincludethetypeofhousi

7、ng,parent'seducationlevels,socialstatusandhobby,children'sbehaviorhabit,dietinghabitandnutritionalcondition.ConclusionThebloodleadlevelsofchildreninChinawerelowerthandatagatheredfromformernationalstudiesbuthigherthanthosefromdevelopedcountries,suggestingthatthe.Governmentandthew

8、holesocietyshouldbeawareoftheproblemonleadpoiso