汽车发动机英语教程

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1、Lesson 1.      PetrolandDieselEngines                汽油发动机机和柴油发动机  Theexplosivemixtureofthepetrolengineisprovidedbyacarburettor,butinthecaseofthedieselenginethesupplyiseffectedbyaninjectionorjerkpumpwhichforcesashotoffuelintoeachcylinderinturnaccordingtothecorrectfiringsequence.翻译：汽油发动机由一个

2、化油器输送可燃混合气体，而柴油发动机，由一个喷射泵或柱塞式燃油泵实现燃油供应，此泵根据正确的点火顺序把少量燃油依次压入每个汽缸。 Thepumpisactuatedfromacamshaftandtheamountinjectedforeachpowerstrokeisextremelysmallatmaximumoutput,indeeditmaybelessthan0.1cm2 ,Moreover,thischargemustbemeteredwithgreatandconstantaccuracyevenwhileitisbeingvariablycontrolled

3、toregulatepowerfromidlingtomaximum.  Itwillberealisedthatefficientandeconomicalrunningislargelydependentuponthefuelpump.85翻译：通过凸轮轴驱动油泵。每个功率冲程的燃油喷射量在最大输出功率时是非常微小的，实际上，可能小于0.1cm2。而且，此燃油量虽然从怠速到最大速度要进行不同的控制调节，但此燃油量必须非常精确和稳定地进行测量。人们认识到有效和经济的运行主要依靠燃油泵  Multi-cylinderenginesarenormallyequippedwit

4、hpumpsinunitmonoblocformincorporatingacorrespondingnumberofelements，havingacommoncamshaftandcontrolmeansbutprovidedwithindividualadjustmentsforregulatingtheiroutputandsettingtheirtiming.  Anequalquantityoffuelmustbedeliveredbyeachelement,whichiscalibratedseparatelytoapredeterminedrateofdel

5、ivery.  Timingofthestartofinjectioninrelationtoenginecrankshaftpositionmustalsobeconstantandequaloneachelement,thesettingprocessiscalledphasing. Calibrationandphasingareprecisionoperationstobecarriedoutonlybyskilledservicemechanics whohavethenecessaryspecialisedequipment.85翻译：多汽缸发动机一般情况下装配

6、整体式油泵，把相关的喷射单元组合成一体，共用凸轮轴和控制方式，但可单独调整以调节各自功率输出和设定各自的正时。     每个喷射单元必须输送等量燃油,按照预定的输送比率分别校准。     与发动机曲轴位置度相关的喷射开始时间在每个喷射单元也必须是恒定相等的。设定的过程被称为调整相位。     校准和调整相位是精确的操作，只有熟练的服务机械师用必要的专用工具才能进行，  Averyimportantdetailisthatinjectionmustceasecleanlyandabruptlyattheendofthedeliveryperiodwithoutanytrace

7、ofafter-dribblefromtheinjector;otherwisecarbondepositsquicklyformonthenozzletipandexcessivesmokewillappearintheexhaust.  Therequiredconditionisensuredbythespecialdesignofthepumpdeliveryvalveswhichprovideforaveryrapidcollapseofpressureintheinjectorfuelpipesatth