世界需求和竞争力对出口和经济增长的影响【外文翻译】

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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译原文外文题目：EffectsofWorldDemandandCompetitivenessonExportsandEconomicGrowth出处：GrowthandChange(Vol.25,Winter1994,pp.3-24)作者：JESSIEPOON原文：EffectsofWorldDemandandCompetitivenessonExportsandEconomicGrowthIntroductionTheroleofexportsineconomicgrowthhasbeenm

2、uchdebatedsincethe1950s.Twoviewpointscharacterizethedevelopmentliteratureontherelationshipbetweenexportsandeconomicgrowth.Thefirstconsidersthateconomicgrowthisaconsequenceoffavorableinternalandsupply-relatedfactors.Exportspromotegrowthbecausetheystimulatethe

3、efficientuseofthesefactorsforeconomicproductionandenableacountryorregiontoremaincompetitme(Bhagwati1988;Kravis1973;Riedel1987).Inthesecondviewpoint,thesuccessofexport-ledgrowthissaidtorestonafavorabletradeenvironmentwhichdependsontheeconomicprosperityofcorer

4、egions.Thisdemand-orientedviewpointsuggeststhatexportsarenotexpectedtoexpandfasterthanthedemandforthembycoreregions(e.g.Lewis1980;Nurkse1961;Prebisch1962).Thedifferencebetweenthetwoviewpointsliesintheweightgiventothemechanismsdeterminingthelinkexportsandecon

5、omicgrowth.Oneoutcomeofthepolarizationoftheliteratureisthatregionstryingtodevelopareconfrontedwithdevelopmentmodelswhichoftenassumedualisticforms.Forexample"inward"versus"outward"tradeorientation,or,"export"versus"import"substitutionstrategies.'Broadly,these

6、dualismsarecircum-scribedinwhathascometobeknownasthe"exportoptimism-exportpessi-mism"debate(Bhagwati1988).Theneedtocollapsetheexportoptimism-exportpessimismdualismforamoreintegrativeperspectivehasbeenraisedbyStreeten(1982).Increasinglytoo,theliteraturesugges

7、tsthatamixofbothperspectivesmeritsacloserlook(e.g.Gereffi1989).Thispaperexaminestherelationshipbetweenexportgrowthandeconomicgrowthwithinanintegrativeframework.Itarguesthatdevelopingcountries(abbreviatedtoLDCs)areratherdifferentiatedintheireconomicstructures

8、sothattherelationshipbetweenexportsandeconomicgrowthislikelytovary.Thus,itisunlikelythattheaboverelationshipmaybefullyexplainedbyoneviewpoint.Twovariables,worlddemandandcompetitiveness,capturing