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1、ANTITRUSTTHECASEFORREPEALDOMINICKT.ARMENTANOREVISED2NDEDITIONLudwigvonMisesInstituteAuburn,AlabamaAllrightsreserved.Writtenpermissionmustbesecuredfromthepublishertouseorreproduceanypartofthisbook,exceptforbriefquotationsincriticalreviewsorarticles.Thepublisherhasattemptedthro
2、ughoutthisbooktodistin•guishproprietarytrademarksfromdescriptivetermsbyfol•lowingthecapitalizationstylesusedbythemanufacturers.Firstedition,titledAntitrustPolicy:TheCaseforRepeal,origi•nallypublishedbytheCatoInstitute,1000MassachusettsAvenue,Washington,D.C.2001.Copyright©1999
3、bytheLudwigvonMisesInstituteReprintedin2007bytheLudwigvonMisesInstituteLudwigvonMisesInstitute,518WestMagnoliaAvenue,Auburn,Ala.36832;www.mises.orgISBN:978-0-945466-25-3.ContentsPrefaceviiIntroduction:AnAntitrustOverviewxi1.TheAntitrustAssaultonMicrosoft.l2.TheCaseAgainstAnti
4、trustPolicy133.CompetitionandMonopoly:TheoryandEvidence314.BarrierstoEntry515.PriceDiscriminationandVerticalAgreements696.HorizontalAgreements:MergersandPriceFixing817.AntitrustPolicyinaFreeSociety99Index107iiiPeopleofthesametradeseldommeettogether,evenformerrimentanddiversio
5、n,butthecon•versationendsinaconspiracyagainstthepublic,orinsomecontrivancetoraiseprices.Itisimpos•sible,indeed,topreventsuchmeetings,byanylawwhicheithercouldbeexecuted/orwouldbeconsistentwithlibertyandjustice.Butthoughthelawcannothinderpeopleofthesametradefromsometimesassembl
6、ingtogether,itoughttodonothingtofacilitatesuchassemblies;muchlessrenderthemnecessary.-AdamSmithTheWealthofNationsvPrefaceTheflurryoffederalandstateantitrustactivityagainstfirmssuchasToys"R"Us,Staples,Intel,andMicrosoftmaysignalthebeginningofanunfortunatenewerainenforcement.An
7、titrustregulation,likearelentlessTerminator,isbackinbusinessandtheeconomichavocitthreatensisconsider•able.Mypositiononantitrusthasneverbeenambiguous:Alloftheantitrustlawsandalloftheenforcementagencyauthorityshouldbesummarilyrepealed.Theantitrustappa•ratuscannotbereformed;itmu
8、stbeabolished.Itissaidthatmuchisriskedincallingforrepeal.Anycallforr