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1、IEICETRANS.COMMUN.,VOL.E88B,NO.4APRIL20051395PAPERSpecialSectiononInternetTechnologyVEffectiveVideoMulticastoverWirelessInternet:RateAllocationandEnd-SystemBasedAdaptationHaoYIN†a),Nonmember,ChuangLIN†,Member,Jin-junZHUANG†,BoLI††,andQiangNI†††,NonmembersSUMMARYWiththerapidgrowthofwire
2、lessnetworksandgreatsuc-maticlinkstatusvariation,usersmobilityandscarcewire-cessofInternetvideo,wirelessvideoservicesareexpectedtobewidelylessspectrum.Inaddition,thevideostreamsco-existanddeployedinthenearfuture.Asdifferenttypesofwirelessnetworksarecon-sharetheresourceswiththeTCP-based
3、datatraffictypicallyvergingintoallIPnetworks,i.e.,theInternet,itisimportanttostudyvideodeliveryoverthewirelessInternet.Thispaperproposesanovelend-systeminwirelessInternet.ItisthusimportantforthevideotrafficbasedadaptationprotocolcalledWirelessHybridAdaptationLayeredMul-tobeadaptiveandfrie
4、ndlywiththeTCPtraffic[3].Lackticast(WHALM)protocolforlayeredvideomulticastoverwirelessInter-ofbandwidthadaptabilitywillleadtocongestioncollapsenet.InWHALMthesenderdynamicallycollectsbandwidthdistributionwhentheaggregatebandwidthofvideotrafficexceedsnet-fromthereceiversandusesanoptimallaye
5、rrateallocationmechanismtoworkcapacity,whereaslackofTCPfriendlinesswillresultreducethemismatchesbetweenthecoarse-grainedlayersubscriptionlevelsandtheheterogeneousanddynamicraterequirementsfromthereceivers,tocompeteunfairlywithotheradaptivetraffic,suchasTCPthusmaximizingthedegreeofsatisf
6、actionofallthereceiversinamulticast[4].session.Basedonsamplingtheoryandtheoryofprobability,wereducetheThispaperproposesanend-systembasedadaptivepro-requirednumberofbandwidthfeedbackstoareasonabledegreeanduseatocoltosupportTCP-friendlyvideomulticastinwirelessIn-scalablefeedbackmechanis
7、mtocontrolthefeedbackprocesspractically.WHALMisalsotunedtoperformwellinwirelessnetworksbyintegrat-ternetwithoutthespecialsupportfromcorenetworkequip-inganend-to-endlossdifferentiationalgorithm(LDA)todifferentiateerrorments.Inthetraditionalunicastenvironment,thesenderlossesfromcongestion
8、losse
