early nineteenth century 1800–1865 - cengage learning

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1、EarlyNineteenthCentury1800–1865198•TheHeathAnthologyofAmericanLiteratureCopyright©HoughtonMifflinCompany.Allrightsreserved.198EarlyNineteenthCentury:1800–1865•199NativeAmericaSpanishAmericaTheCulturesofNewEnglandRace,Slavery,andtheInventionoftheSouthLiteratureandthe“Woman”QuestionTh

2、eDevelopmentofNarrativeTheEmergenceofAmericanPoeticVoicesMostanthologiesofliteraturepublishedoverthelastfiftyyearshavereliedoncriteriaderivedfromtraditionalNewCriticalmodelsofliteraryanalysis.Thosemodelsvaluedwhatwastakentobetheinherentformalcomplexityofindividualtexts,acomplexityse

3、enasseparateandseparablefromthehistoricalandculturalcircumstancesoftheproductionofthetext.Asaresult,manypedagogicalargumentsoverthecanonhavecenteredonwhethercertaintextswere“complicated”enoughtosustainextendedclassroomdiscussionoranalysisandthusmeritinclusioninananthologyoracoursesy

4、llabus.Theimplicationwasthatsometextsweresomehowself-evidentintheirmeaningandintent,andtherefore“simple,”whileother,seeminglymorecomplicatedtexts,demandedandthereforedeservedclosescrutiny;forexample,whatcanyousayaboutanovelassupposedlystraightforwardanduncomplicatedasUncleTom’sCabin

5、?Buttheambiguous,self-referentialBenitoCerenoprovidesplentyofmaterialforclassdiscussion.Asmanyinstructorswilltestify,however,classroomexperienceoftentellsadifferentstory,wherefewifanynineteenth-centurytexts,nomatterhowsupposedly“simple”or“straightforward,”areexperiencedasself-eviden

6、tbyfirst-timereadersintheclass.Thereareatleasttwootherpedagogicalproblemsstemmingfromanemphasison“formalcomplexity”aswell:thecircularityoftheargument—veryoftendefinitionsofformalcomplexitywerebasedonthesameCopyright©HoughtonMifflinCompany.Allrightsreserved.200•TheHeathAnthologyofAme

7、ricanLiteraturetextstheyweresupposedtodefine—and,evenmoreimportanttoliterarystudies,suchacriticalmodelfailedtoaccountforalargenumberoftextsconsideredsignificantbynineteenth-centuryreaders,andthuspreventedaricherunderstandingofculturalhistory.Copyright©HoughtonMifflinCompany.Allright

8、sreserved.EarlyNine