不同灌溉方式对燕麦光合及土壤生物特性影响

《不同灌溉方式对燕麦光合及土壤生物特性影响》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、摘要本文研究了滴灌、传统灌溉及不灌溉（CK）处理对燕麦不同生育时期的耗水量、土壤含水率、土壤酶活性、土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量、燕麦光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明：在全生育期，滴灌处理的燕麦株高、植株干重及根系干重均大于传统灌溉，且显著高于不灌溉（P<0.05）；滴灌处理的0-100cm土壤含水率显著高于传统灌溉及不灌溉处理（P<0.05），在灌浆期与成熟期滴灌处理的土壤含水率下降速度比其他处理缓慢，且对土壤物理特性的改善优于传统灌溉与不灌溉。在不同生育时期，滴灌方式的土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量及土壤酶活性均高于传统灌溉及不灌溉处理。在

2、不同生育时期，滴灌与传统灌溉处理的燕麦光合速率均高于不灌溉；抽穗期以前，滴灌与传统灌溉的叶片蒸腾速率与气孔导度均大于不灌溉，滴灌的水分利用率高于传统灌溉，两者又均高于不灌溉。滴灌处理的产量因素构成指标均高于其他两种处理（P<0.05），而传统灌溉与不灌溉处理之间没有显著差异，滴灌处理燕麦的产量明显提高，比不灌溉增产24.35%，而传统灌溉比不灌溉增产1.08%，滴灌的水分利用率显著高于其他两种处理（P<0.05）。在地处干旱半干旱地区的四子王旗利用滴灌进行燕麦生产，可以显著地提高土壤含水率、土壤酶活性、土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量，且有效

3、改善了燕麦叶片的光和特性，提高了燕麦产量。关键词：燕麦；灌溉方式；土壤生物特性；光合特性；产量TheeffectofvariedirrigationmethodsonthephotosynthesisandsoilactivitiesofoatAbstractTheimpactsofvariedirrigationmethodsonthewaterconsumption,soilwatercontent,soilenzymeactivities,thecarbonandnitrogencontentsofthesoilmicrobial

4、biomass,photosyntheticcharacteristicandtheyieldofoatsatdifferentdevelopmentalstageswerestudied.Theresultsare:Inthewholegrowthperiod,thedripirrigationtreatmentofoatsplantheight,plantdryweightandrootdryweightweregreaterthantraditionalirrigation,andsignificantlyhigherthanno

5、irrigation(P<0.05).Dripirrigationtreatmentof0-100cmsoilmoisturecontentwassignificantlyhigherthantraditionalirrigationandnoirrigationtreatment(P<0.05),ontheimprovementofthesoilphysicalpropertiesisbetterthanthatoftraditionalirrigationandnoirrigation.Indifferentgrowthperiod

6、oats,dripirrigationmethodscontentofsoilmicrobialbiomasscarbon,nitrogenandsoilenzymeactivitieswerehigherthanconventionalirrigationandnoirrigationtreatment.Indifferentgrowthperiod,dripirrigationandtraditionalirrigationtreatmentofoatphotosyntheticratewerehigherthannoirrigat

7、ion;Beforeirrigation,dripirrigationandtraditionalirrigation,leaftranspirationrateandstomatalconductanceweregreaterthannoirrigation.Dripirrigationwateruseefficiencyhigherthantraditionalirrigation,bothwerehigherthannoirrigation.Dripirrigationtreatmentofproductionfactorsind

8、icatorswerehigherthanothertwokindsoftreatment(P<0.05),whiletherewerenosignificantdifferencesbetweentrad