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1、LogicFallaciesAdMisericordiam文不对题FalseAnalogy错误类比HypothesisContrarytoFact与事实相反的假设PoisoningtheWell井下投毒Definition:Thetheme isinconsistent,thecontentisirrelevant.5.AdMisericordiam（文不对题）Examples:“Hewaslatetotheclasstoday.”“Becausehewasscoldedbyhismotheryesterday.”“Haveyouhadlunch?”“Igotupl
2、atethismorning,andunfortunatelyIfelldownfrommybikewhenridingtoschool.”5.AdMisericordiam（文不对题）5.AdMisericordiam（文不对题）Examples:Maybeheisn’tqualifiedenoughforthisjob,butthinkabouthisrelationships,hisuncleisthemayor,andhisfatheristhechairmanofthecompanywhichhassteadybusinessrelationswithus
3、.6.Falseanalogy(错误类比)Definition:Manyargumentsrelyonananalogybetweentwoormoreobjects,ideas,orsituations.Ifthethingsthatarebeingcomparedaren'treallyalikeintherelevantrespects,theanalogyisaweakone.6.Falseanalogy(错误类比)ExmplesMindandrivers,canbebothbroad.Itisaknownfactthatthebroadertheriver
4、,theshalloweritis.Therefore，itmustbetruethatthebroaderthemindis,theshalloweritis.Employeesandnailsarethesame.Asitisnecessarytohitnailsontheheadinordertomakethemwork,thesamemustbedonewithemployees.6.FalseAnalogy（错误类比）Exmples：Youngchildrenarelikeflowers---flowersshouldstayawayfromterribl
5、eweathertogrow,sochildrenneedtogetridofeverythingnegative.7.Hypothesiscontrarytofact（与事实相反的假设）Definition:The hypothesis is contradictory to the realityExmples:IfIhadstudiedhard,Iwoulddefinitelyhavepassedthetest.7.Hypothesiscontrarytofact（与事实相反的假设）Examples：IfTVwerenotinvented,todaypeopl
6、ewouldneverhavesuchwonderfulentertainmentbroughtbyTV.Ifthegunpowderhadn’tbeeninvented,therewouldn’thavebeensomanywarsintheworld.8.PoisoningtheWell（井里下毒）Definition:PoisoningtheWell,orspeaking“againsttheman”，inwhichthepremisesmayonlymakeapersonalattackonaperson,insteadofofferingreasonsto
7、showwhywhathesaysisfalse.PoisoningtheWellisaspecialcaseofargumentumadhominem（人生攻击）8.PoisoningtheWell（井里下毒）ExamplesDon’tlistentoanywordfromhim,forheisamostshamefulcheateraroundtheworld.Thedefendantkilledthevictimcruelly,IsuggestLordsentencehimguilty.Exercises1)Whentheinterviewerasksth
