[英语考试]老托福听力

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1、(man)Communityserviceisanimportantcomponentofeducationhereatouruniversity.Weencourageallstudentstovolunteerforatleastonecommunityactivitybeforetheygraduate.Anewcommunityprogramcalled"OneOnOne"helpselementarystudentswho'vefallenbehind.Youeducationmajorsmightbeespeciallyinterestedinbecauseitoffer

2、stheopportunitytodosometeaching-thatis,tutoringinmathandEnglish.You'dhavetovolunteertwohoursaweekforonesemester.Youcanchoosetohelpachildwithmath,English,orboth.Half-hourlessonsarefine,soyoucoulddoahalfhourofeachsubjecttwodaysaweek.ProfessorDodgewillactasamentortothetutors-he'llbeavailabletohelp

3、youwithlessonplansortooffersuggestionsforactivities.HehasofficehourseveryTuesdayandThursdayafternoon.Youcansignupfortheprogramwithhimandbeginthetutoringnextweek.I'msureyou'llenjoythiscommunityservice...andyou'llgainvaluableexperienceatthesametime.Itlooksgoodonyourresume,too-showingthatyou'vehad

4、experiencewithchildrenandthatyoucareaboutyourcommunity.Ifyou'dliketosignup,orifyouhaveanyquestions,stopbyProfessionDodge'sofficethisweek.(woman)Ihopeyou'veallfinishedreadingtheassignedchapteroninsurance-sothatyou'repreparedforourdiscussiontoday.But,beforewestart,I'dliketomentionafewthingsyourte

5、xtdoesn'tgointo.It'sinterestingtonotethatinsurancehasexistedinsomeformforaverylongtime.Theearliestinsurancepolicieswerecalledbottomrycontracts.Theyprovidedshippingprotectionformerchantsasfarbackas3000B.C.Ingeneral,thecontractswereoftennomorethanverbalagreements.Theygrantedloanstomerchantswithth

6、eunderstandingthanifaparticularshipmentofgoodswaslostatsea,theloandidn'thavetoberepaid.Interestontheloansvariedaccordingtohowriskyitwastotransportthegoods.Duringperiodsofheavypiracyatsea,forexample,theamountofinterestandthecostofthepolicywentupconsiderably.So,youcanseehowinsurancehelpedencourag

7、einternationaltrade.Eventhemostcautiousmerchantsbecamewillingtoriskshippingtheirgoodsoverlongdistances-nottomentioninhazardousweatherconditions-whentheyhadthiskindofprotectionavailable.Generallyspeaking,thebasicformofaninsurancepo