资源描述：
《2015年职称英语b级新增文章》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、第二十二篇RealWorldRobotsWhenyouthinkofarobot,doyouenvisionashiny,metallicdevicehavingthesamegeneralshapeasahumanbeing,performinghumanlikefunctions,andrespondingtoyourquestionsinamonotonevoiceaccentuatedbyhigh-pitchedtonesandbeeps?Thisisthewaymanyofusimaginearobot,butintherealworld,arobotisnothumanoida
2、tall.Insteadarobotoftenisavoiceless,box-shapedmachinethatefficientlycarriesoutrepetitiveordangerousfunctionsusuallyperformedbyhumans.Todaysrobotismorethananautomaticmachinethatperformsonetaskagainandagain.Amodernrobotisprogrammedwithvaryingdegreesofartificialintelligence—thatis,arobotcontainsacomp
3、uterprogramthattellsithowtoperformtasksassociatedwithhumanintelligence,suchasreasoning,drawingconclusions,andlearningfrompastexperience・Arobotdoesnotpossessahumanshapeforthesimplereasonthatatwo-leggedrobothasgreatdifficultyremainingbalanced・Arobotdoes,however,movefromplacetoplaceonwheelsandaxlesth
4、atrollandrotate.Arobotevenhaslimbsthatswivelandmoveincombinationwithjointsandmotors.Tofinditswayinitssurroundings1,arobotutilizesvariousbuilt-insensors.Antennaeattachedtotherobot'sbasedetectanythingtheybumpinto.Iftherobotstartstoteeterasitmovesonanincline,agyroscopeorapenduluminsideitsensesthevert
5、icaldifferential.Todetermineitsdistancefromanobjectandhowquicklyitwillreachtheobject,therobotbouncesbeamsoflaserlightandultrasonicsoundwavesoffobstructionsinitspath2・Theseandothersensorsconstantlyfeedinformationtothecomputer,whichthenanalyzestheinformationandcorrectsoradjuststherobot'sactions.Assc
6、ienceandtechnologyadvance,therobottoowillprogressinitsfunctionsanduseofartificial-intelligenceprograms.词汇：envisionv.想象，预想devicen.装置accentuatev.强调，重读artificialintelligencen.人工智能limbn.臂antennaen.天线inclinev.倾斜pendulumn.钟摆ultrasonicadj.超声的metallicadj.金属的monotonen.单调的humanoidadj.像人的axlen.轮轴rotatev.旋转sw
7、iveln.旋转teeterv.摇晁gyroscopen.陀螺仪，回转仪verticaln.直立的注释：1.Tofinditswayinitssurroundings...：为了在周围找到路2.therobotbouncesbeamsoflaserlightandultrasonicsoundwavesoffobstructionsinitspath：机器人发射激光束和超声波，反射到障碍物上（以此来探知路径）。练习：1•
