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1、TheApplicationandIndustrializationofBio-basedDegradableMaterials--PHAsIntroductionsPolyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA),usingmicroorganismsascarbonsourcesandenergyreserves,isgenerallyfoundintheformsofinclusionbodiesinmicrobialcells.Becauseofthedifferentmonomerstructures,
2、thereisagreatvarietyofPHA,includingnotonlythePHAcomposedofshort-chainmonomersandlong-chainmonomers,butalsothecopolymersformedofdifferentmonomers.ApplicationsBasedontheparticularpolymerproperties,PHAswithdifferentstructuresandcharacteristicshasbeenextensivelystu
3、diedandusedasbio-plastics,fibres,medicalimplantsanddrugreleasecarrier,etc.Atthefirstbeginning,PHAswasdesignedformakingdailysuppliesandpackagingmaterialsbyWellaAGCo.,LtdfromGermany.PHAisdevelopedbyP&G,Biomers,Metabolixandmanyothercompaniesforpackingfilm,whichism
4、ainlyusedinshoppingbags,coatingmaterialofcontainersandpaperaswellasdisposablegoodssuchasrazors,householdutensils,napkins,ladycares,cups,operationclothing,carpets,compostingbags,etc.CollaboratingwithBeijingChemicalTechnologyUniversityandShantouUniversity,GreenBi
5、ohasdevlelopedlotsofsimilarapplicationsofPHA.TheindustrialchainofPHAinfermentation,biomedicalmaterials,pharmaceutics,bio-fuels,fodderandplasticsnowisbeingformed.IndustrializationofPHAsThereisatrendtouseenvironment-friendlynon-petrochemicalplasticbiodegradablepl
6、astic,greenplasticorecologicalplasticbecauseoftheprisingrisingofoilsince1980s.Lotsofcompanies,especiallymanydomesticenterprisesaretryingtoproducevariouskindsofPHAexperimentallyorindustrially.MetabolixintheU.S.A.andGreenBioinTianjinChinawillrespectivelyreachthea
7、nnualproductioncapacityof50,000tonsand10,000tonsfrom2009.TherewillbeenoughPHAmaterialforresearchingbyglobalpolymercompaniesatthattime.ItisexpectedtoappearanewdevelopmentstreamfocusingonPHAapplications.AndtheproductsmadefromPHBVhavebeenonthemarketofEurope.Themas
8、sivesupplyofPHAcanimprovethedevelopmentofitselfasakindofnewstableplastic.TheproductioncostsofPHAwillbecontinuallydecreasing,mainlybecausethesynthesisofPHAiscompletedinaqueou
