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1、CulturalFluencyasaGuidetoEffectiveInterculturalCommunication:TheCaseofJapanandtheU.S.:YukikoInoueUniversityofGuam,AbstractInterculturalcommunicationservesavitalroleinthatitcanforestallmiscommunicationandmisunderstanding.Becauseofincreasedinterculturalcontactandinterdependence,peoplei
2、ntheworldareforcedto"rethink"interculturalcommunicationinordertoacquireeffectiveinterculturalcommunicationcompetence.Thepresentpaperprovidesacriticaldiscussionoftheconceptualizationofinterculturalcommunicationandthecommonlyacknowledgedchallengeofinterculturalcommunication.Withafocuso
3、nJapanandtheU.S.(sincebothcountrieshaveremarkablydifferentformsofcommunicationintermsofnonverbalcommunicationparticularly),thepaperdefinescultureandexploresthefollowing:(1)originofinterculturalcommunicationresearch;(2)culturalfluencyandwillingnesstocommunicate;and(3)wordsversusharage
4、i(aJapaneseconcept),touchinguponintercultural(business)communication.Keywords:interculturalcommunication,culturalfluency,culturalcommunication,Japaneseformsofcommunication,nonverbalcommunicationIntroduction"Intercultural"communicationand"international"communicationareseparateareasofr
5、esearch;inbrief,interculturalcommunicationresearchersfocusontheindividualastheunitofanalysis,whereasinternationalcommunicationresearchersworkatthemacrolevelusingunitsofanalysissuchasnations,worldsystems,andgroups(GudykunstandMody2002).Interculturalbusinesscommunicationisarelativelyyo
6、ungfieldofstudycomparedwithinterculturalcommunicationorbusinesscommunication(Bargiela-ChiappiniandNickerson2003).Anoftenneglecteddimensionofbusinessishumaninteraction(Brislin1994),andthus,interculturalbusinesscommunicationhasgrownintoacomplexdisciplinaryendeavor:"Ofthemselves,thefund
7、amentalconstructsofcultureandcommunicationinvolveanarrayofwell-establishedandhighlydevelopedfieldsofenquiry,withtheirdistinctiveandsometimesoverlappingapproaches,theories,andmethodologies"(Bargiela-ChiappiniandNickerson2003,p.3).Interculturalcommunicationservesavitalroleinthatitcanfo
8、restallmisco
