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时间:2018-10-22
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1、AffirmativeviewsonCriticalPeriodHypothesisandProblemsofCPHStudies 【Abstract】CriticalPeriodHypothesis(CPH)wasfirstintroducedtosecondlanguageacquisitionbyLennebergin1967.Thenitarousedmanyscholars’attention.Therearebothaffirmativeandnegativeviews. 【Keyword
2、s】CriticalPeriodHypothesis;SecondLanguageAcquisition;Affirmativeviews;problems 1.Researchers’StudiesonCPHinSLA Johnson&Newport’s(1989)researchexploredthepracticalskillsingrammarof46nativeKoreanandChinesespeakerswhoarrivedinAmericafrom3to39.Theyhadlearne
3、dEnglishforaperiodfrom3to26years.TheresultrevealedthatsuccessinacquiringgrammaticalproficiencywasalmostpredictedbytheagewhentheyfirstlearnEnglishandtheproficiencyseemedtodeclineattheageof8yearsold.Thisstudyappearstobewidelycitedasoneofthebestevidenceofthe
4、CPHinSLA. BirdsongandMolis(2001)conductedareplicationofJohnsonandNewport(1989).Theprofilesof61nativespeakersofSpanish,29ofwhomhadarrivedintheU.S.byage16(earlyarrivals)and32ofwhomhadarrivedage17orabove(latearrivals).Fortheearlyarrivals,theaveragelengthofr
5、esidencewas12.2yearswhereastheaveragelengthofresidenceforlategroupwas10.5.BirdsongandMolisfiguredoutthattherewasastronginverserelationship(-.69,p<.0001)betweenageofarrivalandtestscoresamongthelatearrivals.Ontheotherhand,therewasnosignificantcorrelationbet
6、weenageofarrivalandtestscoresinearlyarrivals. Dekeyser(2000)hascarriedoutaresearchwhichhasbeenintendedtotestthefundamentaldifferencehypothesis.ThroughastudyofadultHungarian-speakingimmigrants,hehasdemonstratedanexplanationconcerningexceptionswhichhavefai
7、ledtoresonatewithwhatcriticalperiodhypothesishassuggested.Moreover,Dekeyser(2000)hasfurtheredshedlightonthedifferentlearningmechanismsfeaturingyoungandadultsecondlanguagelearners,whichcanbeattributedtothepowerofcriticalhypothesis Singletonhasshowndoubtsc
8、oncerningcriticalperiodhypothesisinrealearnest.InthisveryarticlewrittenbySingleton(2001),theauthordemonstratesarelativelydetailedreviewofstudieswithregardtoagefactorsonthebasisofitshistoricaldevelopment.Inthesamevei
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