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1、PlagiarismDefinition:Theappropriationofanotherperson'sideas,processes,results,orwordswithoutgivingappropriatecredit.ORI'spolicyonPlagiarismexcludes:thelimiteduseofidenticalornearly-identical(general)phrasesthatarenotsubstantiallymisleadingorofgreatsignificancedisputesamongform
2、ercollaboratorsORIfoundthattheRespondentengagedinresearchmisconductbyplagiarizingsignificantportionsfromresearchgrantapplicationR21AR061881thatshehadreviewedforNIAMS,NIH,andinsertingthattextintohersubmittedgrantapplicationR01AR062378-01.Respondentalsoplagiarizedsignificantport
3、ionsoftextfromthefollowingscientificarticlesandoneU.S.patentapplicationavailableontheInternet:Settlement:Tohaveherresearchsupervised;Sametootherinstitutes;Excludedfromanyadvisorycapacity;DefinitionsofmisconductResearchmisconductisdefinedasfabrication,falsification,orplagiarism
4、inproposing,performing,orreviewingresearch,orinreportingresearchresults,accordingto42CFRPart93.IMPORTANT:ResearchmisconductdoesNOTincludehonesterrorordifferencesofopinionhttp://grants.nih.gov/grants/research_integrity/research_misconduct.htm?print=yes&http://healthland.time.co
5、m/2012/01/13/great-science-frauds/slide/the-baltimore-case/The“BaltimoreCase”Thedifferencebetweenmakingamistakeandcommittingfraudisoneofintention,andit’softenafineandobscureline.Thatbecameclearin1989,whenCongressopenedhearingsintoallegedmisconductbyTherezaImanishi-Kari,anassis
6、tantinthelabofNobellaureateDavidBaltimoreatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.In1985,BaltimoreandImanisi-Karihadpublishedapaperdescribingtheirsuccessininjectingamousewithagenethataltereditsimmunesystemsotheanimalcouldproduceantibodiesagainstagivenbacteriaorvirus.Thefindingsrai
7、sedthepossibilitythatthehumanimmunesystemcouldbemodifiedinthesameway,enhancingourabilitytowardoffinfections.Apostdoctoralfellowworkinginthelabfailedtoreproducetheresults,however,andthoseconcernseventuallyledtotheCongressionalhearingsinwhichBaltimorestaunchlydefendedthework.Ima
8、nishi-KariwasfoundguiltyofscientificfraudandBaltimore’sreputa
