吴版英国文学笔记

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1、*AnintroductiontoBritishLiteraturePartITheAncient(450-1066)andMiddleEnglishperiod;*1.1.TheperiodofOldEnglishandBeowulf*1.2Old//MedievalEnglish*1.2.1GeoffreyChaucer*1.2.2TheCanterburyTales*PartITheAncient(450-1066)andMiddleEnglishperiod(1066---theendofth

2、e14thcentury//1400)*1.1TheperiodofOldEnglishextendsfromabout450to1066,theyearoftheNormanconquestofEngland.Generallyspeaking,theOldEnglishpoetrythathassurvivedcanbedividedintotwogroups:thereligiousgroupandthesecularone.Theformerismainlyonbiblicalthemeswh

3、ilethelattershowstheharshnessofcircumstancesandthesadnessofthehumanlot/fate.*Beowulf,atypicalexampleofoldEnglishpoetry,isregardedtodayasthenationalepicoftheAnglo-Saxonswritteninover3000lines.HowevertheheroandthesettingofithavenothingtodowithEngland,fort

4、hestorytookplaceinScandinavia.Thepoemwasoriginallyinanoralform,sungbythebards/minstrelsattheendofthe6thcentury.ItdescribestheexploitsofBeowulf,infightingagainstthemonsterGrendel,hisrevengefulmotherandafiredragon.Beowolfisshownnotonlyasagloriousherobutal

5、soaprotectorofthepeople.Thematicallythepoempresentsavividpictureofhowtheprimitivepeoplestruggleagainstthehostileforcesofthenaturalworldunderawiseandmightyleader.Thepoemisanexampleoftheminglingofnaturemythsandheroiclegends.*1.2Old//MedievalEnglish(1066--

6、-theendofthe14thcentury//1400)*IncomparisonwitholdEnglishliterature,MiddleEnglishliteraturedealswithawiderrangeofsubjects,isutteredbymorevoicesandinagreaterdiversityofstyles,tonesandgenres.Popularfoldliteraturealsooccupiesanimportantplaceinthisperiod.Mi

7、ddleEnglishliteraturestronglyreflectstheprinciplesofthemedievalChristiandoctrine,whichwereprimarilyconcernedwiththeissueofpersonalsalvation.1.2.1GeoffreyChaucer（1340-1400）andTheCanterburyTales*GeoffreyChaucer(1343-1386)thefounder//fatherofEnglishpoetry,

8、heisthegreatestwriterofthemedievalperiod.HeusedforthefirsttimeinEnglishheroiccouplet.AndinhismasterpieceTheCanterburyTales,generallywrittenchieflyintheyear1387-1400,heemployedheroiccoupletinsteadoftheoldAnglo-Saxonalliterativever