肝脾疾病超声诊断

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1、DiagnosisforDiseasesofLiverandSpleenwithUltrasonography肝脾疾病超声诊断1PreparationsbeforeExamination1.fasting（禁食)formorethaneighthours.2.performingbeforebariummeal（钡餐)andgastroscopy（胃镜).2Ⅰ.AnatomyandNormalUltrasonogramofTheLiver肝脏解剖及正常声像图3AnatomyTheliveristhelargestorganinthehumanbodyandissituatedinth

2、erightupperabdomen.4Therearethreefissures（裂隙）thatformaH-shapedditchonthevisceralsurface(脏面,inferiorsurface)oftheliveranddividetheliverintofourlobes（叶）:theright,left,quadrate（方叶）andcaudate（尾状叶）lobe.5Thethreefissuresarethefossae(凹陷）pressedbyinferiorvenacava(IVC)andgallbladder,ligamentumteres(round

3、ligament圆韧带）andligamentumvenosum（静脉韧带），andportahepatis(肝门).6ligamentumvenosumLigamentumteresinferiorvenacava(IVC)gallbladderPortahepatisPosteriorview7Normalsonograms1.ShapeandContourShape:Theshapeoftheliveronsonogramvariesaccordingtothesectionwescan.Itcanpresentawedge(楔形）oratriangle（三角形）.8Contou

4、r:Thereisahyperechoiclinearoundtheliverthatissmoothandregular.It’stheechoofliver’scapsule.92.SizeThemaximalobliquediameter(最大斜径)oftherightlobeislessthan14cm.10Thelongitudinaldimensionandthethicknessoftheleftlobearewithin9cmand6cm,respectively.113.Parenchymaltexture（实质）Onthesonogram,thenormallive

5、rparenchymahasahomogeneousecho-texture.12parenchyma134.IntrahepaticvesselsandductsOnsonogram,withinthehomogeneousliverparenchymaliethethin-walledhepaticveins(HV,肝静脉),thebrightlyreflectiveportalveins(PV，门静脉),thehepaticarteries（肝动脉)andbileduct(BD，胆管).14parenchymahepaticveinportalvein15mainportalve

6、incommonbileduct(CBD)16Thenormalinternaldiametersofthosevesselsandductsareasfollows:PV:1-1.2cmHV:0.5-0.9cmcommonbileduct,CBD(胆总管):0.4-0.6cm171819Ⅱ.UltrasonicDiagnosisofLiverDiseases20CategoriesofLiverdiseasehepatictumorfocallesionsdiffuselesionsHepatictraumaHepatictransplant211.SimpleCystshapean

7、dwall:Theshapeofthecystisroundanditswallsarethin.internalecho:Noechoescanbeseenincyst(anechoic,无回声).22posteriorenhancement（后方回声增强):Theechoesoftheareabehindthecystarebrighterthanthatofareaasidetoit.2324252.PrimaryHepaticCance