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1、Prefixesandsuffixes1.Negativeprefixes（否定前缀）:“not”---”不…，非。。。”a-:‘not,without,oppositeto’asinapolitical,asexual,atypical,asocial,amoraldis-:‘not,theconverseof’asindisobey,discredit,disloyal,disorder,disusein-：(il-,ir-,im-):sameinmeaningasfordis-asininaudible,injus
2、tice,illiterate,illegitimate,irresistible,irresponsibility,improbable,immaturenon-:‘not’,aproductiveaffixexpressingtheideathatapersonorthingdoesnothavethequalitiesorcharacteristicsreferredto,asinnon-classical,non-smoker,non-violence,non-president,non-virtueun-（mo
3、refrequent）:sameinmeaningasfordis-,averyproductiveaffixasinundemocratic,,unwillingly,,unbuilt,unsmiling2.ReversativeorPrivativePrefixes(逆反前缀)de-:'reversingtheaction,deprivingof’,asindecentralize,demystify,dehumanize,deforestation;fixedtonounstoformverbs,asindeice
4、,defeather,debug,descaledis-:“reversingtheaction”,withverbsasindisallow,dispossess,disunite;alsomeaning‘lacking’,withadjectives,e.g.disinterested,discolouredun-:sameinmeaningasforde-withverbsasinunbug,unlock,unwrape;butmeaning‘deprivingof,releasingfrom’inlimitedu
5、sewithnounstomakeverbs,e.g.unseat,unhorse,unmask3.PejorativePrefixes(贬义前缀)maltreattotreatroughlyorcruellymalodoroushavingabadsmellmisheartohearmistakenlypseudoscience/friendpretendedsciencemal-:‘badly,bad’addedtoverbs,adjectives,andabstractnouns,e.g.maltreat,malf
6、ormed,malnourished,malodorous,malpractice,maladministrationmis-:‘wrongly,astray’,addedtoverbsandabstractnouns,e.g.misinterpret,mistrust,misleading,misconduct,misunderstandpseudo-:‘false,imitation’,aproductiveaffixwithnounsandadjectives,e.g.-scientific,-classicism
7、,-democratic;oftenusedtoshowdisapproval,e.g.–friend,-parent4.PrefixesofDegreeorSize(表范围、程度)arch-:‘supreme,most’,withhumannouns,e.g.archbishop,archduke,productiveusuallywithpejorativeeffect,e.g.arch-enemy,arch-hypocrite,arch-capitalist,arch-rivalco-:‘jointly,onequ
8、alfooting’,productivewithnounsandverbs,e.g.cohabit,codirect,co-star,co-manager,co-authorextra-:‘very’,productivewithadj.,e.g.extra-large,extra-strong,extra-bri
