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1、英语常见词缀总结1.名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物:worker,debtor2)-acy,表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示“性质,状态,行为,过程”frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示“动作,性质,状态”possibility,flexibil
2、ity,feasibility,6)-dom,表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom,kingdom,wisdom7)-hood,表示"资格,身份,年纪,状态"childhood,manhood,8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程,结果,状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction9)-ism,表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为”socialism,criticism,,heroism10)-ity,表示“性质,状态,程度”purit
3、y,reality,ability11)-ment,表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument12)-ness,表示“性质,状态,程度”goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness13)-ship,表示“情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship,membership,friendship14)-th,表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth,wealth,truth,length,growth15)-tude,表示“性质,状态
4、,程度”latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示“行为,结果”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续),17-grapy,表示“……学,写法”biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示“……学……法”logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics19)-ology,表示“……学……论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示“……学……术”astronomy,economy,bion
5、omy(生态学)2.形容词后缀(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish是动词)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthf
6、ul8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost顶端的11)-alnaturalnational11)less,表示否定,countless,stainless,wireless3.动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示“做成,变成,……化”modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize使系统化2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示“使……化
7、,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示“使,令”finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示“成为……,处理,作用”separate,operate,indicate4.副词后缀(形容词)-ly:bad→badly坏地/恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地-wise:clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地-wards:out→outwards向外面地,north→northwar
8、ds向北方地5.否定前缀