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1、英语写作专题训练——过渡词众所周知，要写出清晰流畅的文章，需要把文章中各部分巧妙地连接在一起。这样可使文章自然而别致，并能层层展开主题句，完整地表达中心思想。而过渡词（TransitionalWords）是连接这些部分的纽带。过渡词是一种关系指引词，一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外，代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词能使文章启、承、转、合，融会贯通，连成一体。一、过渡词的分类1.根据意思和作用的不同，过渡词可以分为以下十五类：（1）表并列关系的过渡词:and,also，aswell,a
2、swellas，or,too,notonly…butalso,both…and,either…or,neither…nor（2）表递进关系的过渡词:besides,inaddition（加之，除……之外）,moreover(此外，而且),what’smore，what’sworse（3）表转折对比的过渡词：but,however,yet,instead,onthecontrary,although,differentfrom,despite,inspiteof,unlike,nevertheless,no
3、tonly…butalso,theformer…thelatter,then…now,thefirst…thesecond,once…now,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething---foranother,some…others（4）表原因的过渡词:because,becauseof,since,as,for,nowthat,thanksto,dueto（由于）（5）表结果的过渡词:so,thus,therefore,asaresult,sothat,then,t
4、hereby,hence,so…that,such…that（6）表条件的过渡词:if,unless,onconditionthat,as/solongas（7）表时间的过渡词:when,while,after,before,until,assoonas,later,afterwards,soon,lately,recently,since,fromthenon,eventually,inthemeantime,then,suddenly,atthesametime,next,afterawhile,4i
5、nafewdays,now,presently,finally,atlast,allofasudden,formnowon,atpresent,immediately,themoment（8）表特定的顺序关系的过渡词:first,firstly,second,secondly,third,thirdly,aboveall,firstofall,then,next,finally,intheend,atlast,afterward(s)（后来）,meanwhile（几乎同时）,thereafter（在那以后
6、）,last,finally,eventually（终于）（9）表换一种方式表达的过渡词:inotherwords,thatistosay,toputitanotherway（10）表进行举例说明的过渡词:forinstance,forexample,like,suchas（11）表陈述事实的过渡词:infact,actually,asamatteroffact,totellyouthetruth（12）表强调的过渡词:certainly,indeed,aboveall,surely,mostimport
7、ant,infact,nodoubt,withoutanydoubt,truly,obviously（13）表比较的过渡词：like,unlike,inthesameway,similarly,similarto（14）表目的的过渡词：forthisreason,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soasto（15）表总结的过渡词:inaword(总之，简言之),ingeneral,inshort(总之),aboveall,afterall,generallyspeaking
8、,tosumup,finally,inconclusion,atlast,insummary2.文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头,“承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结。（1）用于“启”的过渡词语用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头：first,firstofall,atfirst,inthefirstplace,firstly,tobeing
