main types of word meaning

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1、MaintypesofWordmeaningLeechusedtodividemeaningintoseventypes:conceptualmeaningconnotativeaffectiveassociativemeaningreflectedsocialcollocativeThematicmeaningConceptualMeaningConceptualMeaning(sometimescalled"denotative"or"cognitive"meaning)iswidelyassumedtobethecentralfactorinlinguisticco

2、mmunication.Conceptualmeaningisthesamemeaningforallspeakersofagivenlanguage.Forexample,“book”canbeunderstoodbyanyonewhoisengagedinanyprofession.Soconceptualmeaningiscalledthedictionarymeaningorliteralmeaningofaword.AssociativeMeaning:IntheUnitedNations,thenon-English-speakingcountriesofte

3、nrefertotheSecuritycouncilas“thehighestorgan”，but“thehighestorgan”oftenhasthesexualassociationsinthemindofthenativespeakers:“man’sgenitalorgan”.SomeVipssometimescall“theSecurityCouncil”“thisawesomeorgan”,（含有“不文之物”之意）,or“AugustBody”.FromJapan:Specialcocktailsfortheladieswithnuts.Youareinvi

4、tedtotakeadvantageofthechambermaid.FromMexico:Themanagerhaspersonallypassedallthewaterservedhere.FromRome:Ladies,leaveyourclotheshereandspendtheafternoonhavingagoodtime!FromZurich:Becauseoftheimproprietyofentertainingguestsoftheoppositesexinthebedrooms,itsuggestedthatthelobbybeusedforthis

5、purpose.FromCopenhagen:Wetakeyourbagsandsendtheminalldirections.Fromthemostdistinguishedtobaccohouseintheworld.(fromanadvertisementforDunhills)“house”mightbeconsideredbytheuninitiatedanunremarkablealternativeforfirmormanufacturers;butitsassociationsarewithgentlemanlybusinessescarriedonbyl

6、ong-establishedfamilyfirms.CigarettesbyJohnPlayer,England.Itisnotsomuchthechoiceofwordsasthesyntacticconstruction(thatofbyconnectingtwonounphrases)thatsuggestsexclusiveness.Thisconstructionusuallyindicatessomekindofartisticactivity:LandscapegardeningbyX;FloralarrangementsbyY;CostumesbyZFr

7、omthemostdistinguishedtobaccohouseintheworld.CigarettesbyJohnPlayer,England.Soherethereisanefforttodignifythesomewhattarnishedimageofcigarette-makersand-marketerswithovertonesofqualityanddistinction.ABBCprogrammeon11February1969reportedaproposalforestablishinganewca