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1、【标题】《格列弗游记》中乔纳森?斯威夫特的讽刺艺术【作者】李洁【关键词】讽刺艺术；讽刺小说；英国社会；人性【指导老师】程琼项谊【专业】英语【正文】Ⅰ.Introduction A.ABriefIntroductiontotheAuthor AsafamousIrishpoet,pamphleteer,satiristandwitofAugustanAge,JonathanSwiftwasborninDublin,Irelandon30November1667,anddiedon19October1745,ag
2、ed78.Hisfatherdiedsomesevenmonthsbeforehisbirth.BeforeSwiftwasayearold,hewastakentoEnglandbyhisnurse,andremainedapartfromhismotherforthreeyears.SwiftlivedapoorlifeandwasdependentuponhisuncleGodwin,whotookprimaryresponsibilityforhisstudyingandsenthimtoKilken
3、nyGrammarSchool (1674-82).ThenhestudiedatTrinityCollegeinDublin (1682-89),learningphilosophyandtheologywhichheshowednointerestsatall.HereceivedhisB.A.in1686andM.A.in1692atTrinityCollege. Aftergraduation,heleftDublinforBritainandbegantoworkasasecretarytoSirW
4、illiam,aretireddiplomat,atwhoseplacehemetmanyimportantpoliticiansandcametoknowmuchofthedishonestpoliticsoftheday,whichhavebecomethesourcesofsomecharactersoreventsinhisworks.ButwhenSirWilliamdiedin1699,JonathanwaslefthuntingforajobandeventuallyfoundoddChurch
5、positionsinIreland. “However,withhisexperienceandwritingskills,hesoonbecameaveryfashionablesatiricwriterinDublin.”1 From1707to1709andagainin1710,SwiftwasinLondon.Hewentonwithhispursuitasachurchmanandpoliticaljournalist.In1710,hetookovertheToryjournal,TheExa
6、miner,attackingtheWhiggovernmentforitsinabilitytoendtheprolongedwarwithFrance.WiththerepressionofGeorgeI,theTorieslostpoliticalpower.Therefore,hehadtoreturntoIrelandandbecamethedeanofSt.Patrick’sCathedral.Hedevotedhimselftohisnewpost. “Hebecamethechampionof
7、Ireland’sinterestandledtheattackagainstthebridlingpoliciesoftheBritishgovernment;hedefendedthelowerclergyagainstthebishops;heassociatedhimselfwithmostofDublin’scharitableinstitutionsandissuedavarietyoftractsandpamphlets.”2 DeathbecameafrequentfeatureinSwift
8、’slife,butheleftbehindagreatmassofpoetryandprose,chieflyintheformofpamphlets.Ofhisnumerouswritings,themostforcefulandthebestknownpiecesare:TheTaleofaTub (1704),TheBattleoftheBooks (1704),JournaltoStell
