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1、新SAT写作最新真题题源马真第1篇：不要欺负软科学Stopbullyingthe'soft'sciencesThesocialsciencesarejustthat--sciences.July12,2012
2、ByTimothyD.WilsonTimothyD.WilsonisaprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofVirginiaandtheauthorof"Redirect:TheSurprisingNewScienceofPsychologicalChange."Once,duringameetingatmyunivers
3、ity,abiologistmentionedthathewastheonlyfacultymemberpresentfromasciencedepartment.WhenIcorrectedhim,notingthatIwasfromtheDepartmentofPsychology,hewavedhishanddismissively,asifIwereaLittleLeaguertellingamemberoftheNewYorkYankeesthatItooplayedbaseball.Therehaslongbeensnobberyinthescience
4、s,withthe"hard"ones(physics,chemistry,biology)consideringthemselvestobemorelegitimatethanthe"soft"ones(psychology,sociology).Itisthusnosurprisethatmanymembersofthegeneralpublicfeelthesameway.Butoflate,skepticismabouttherigorsofsocialsciencehasreachedabsurdheights.TheU.S.HouseofRepresen
5、tativesrecentlyvotedtoeliminatefundingforpoliticalscienceresearchthroughtheNationalScienceFoundation.Inthewakeofthataction,anopinionwriterfortheWashingtonPostsuggestedthattheHousedidn'tgofarenough.TheNSFshouldnotfundanyresearchinthesocialsciences,wroteCharlesLane,because"unlikehypothes
6、esinthehardsciences,hypothesesaboutsocietyusuallycan'tbeprovenordisprovenbyexperimentation."Thisisnewstomeandthemanyothersocialscientistswhohavespenttheircareersdoingcarefullycontrolledexperimentsonhumanbehavior,insideandoutsidethelaboratory.Whatmakesthecriticismsogallingisthatthosewho
7、voiceit,ormembersoftheirfamilies,haveundoubtedlybenefitedfromresearchinthedisciplinestheydismiss.Mostofusknowsomeonewhohassufferedfromdepressionandsoughtpsychotherapy.Heorsheprobablybenefitedfromtherapiessuchascognitivebehavioraltherapythathavebeenshowntoworkinrandomizedclinicaltrials.
8、Problemssuchaschildabuseandteenagepregnancytakeahugetollonsociety.Interventionsdevelopedbyresearchpsychologists,testedwiththeexperimentalmethod,havebeenfoundtolowertheincidenceofchildabuseandreducetherateofteenagepregnancies.Everhearofstereotypethreat?Itisthedoublejeopardythatpeoplef
