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1、新SAT写作最新真题题源马真第1篇：不要欺负软科学Stopbullyingthe'soft'sciencesThesocialsciencesarejustthat--sciences.July12,2012
2、ByTimothyD.WilsonTimothyD.WilsonisaprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofVirginiaandtheauthorof"Redirect:TheSurprisingNewScienceofPsychologicalChange."Once,duringameetingatmyuni
3、versity,abiologistmentionedthathewastheonlyfacultymemberpresentfromasciencedepartment.WhenIcorrectedhim,notingthatIwasfromtheDepartmentofPsychology,hewavedhishanddismissively,asifIwereaLittleLeaguertellingamemberoftheNewYorkYankeesthatItooplayedbaseball.Therehaslongbeensnobberyinth
4、esciences,withthe"hard"ones(physics,chemistry,biology)consideringthemselvestobemorelegitimatethanthe"soft"ones(psychology,sociology).Itisthusnosurprisethatmanymembersofthegeneralpublicfeelthesameway.Butoflate,skepticismabouttherigorsofsocialsciencehasreachedabsurdheights.TheU.S.Hou
5、seofRepresentativesrecentlyvotedtoeliminatefundingforpoliticalscienceresearchthroughtheNationalScienceFoundation.Inthewakeofthataction,anopinionwriterfortheWashingtonPostsuggestedthattheHousedidn'tgofarenough.TheNSFshouldnotfundanyresearchinthesocialsciences,wroteCharlesLane,becaus
6、e"unlikehypothesesinthehardsciences,hypothesesaboutsocietyusuallycan'tbeprovenordisprovenbyexperimentation."Thisisnewstomeandthemanyothersocialscientistswhohavespenttheircareersdoingcarefullycontrolledexperimentsonhumanbehavior,insideandoutsidethelaboratory.Whatmakesthecriticismsog
7、allingisthatthosewhovoiceit,ormembersoftheirfamilies,haveundoubtedlybenefitedfromresearchinthedisciplinestheydismiss.Mostofusknowsomeonewhohassufferedfromdepressionandsoughtpsychotherapy.Heorsheprobablybenefitedfromtherapiessuchascognitivebehavioraltherapythathavebeenshowntoworkinr
8、andomizedclinicaltrials.Problemssuchaschildabuseandteenagepregnancytakeahugetollonsociety.Interventionsdevelopedbyresearchpsychologists,testedwiththeexperimentalmethod,havebeenfoundtolowertheincidenceofchildabuseandreducetherateofteenagepregnancies.Everhearofstereotypethreat?Itisth
9、edoublejeopardythatpeoplef
