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1、定语从句重点难点解析I.主语和谓语一致1、关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。例如：Theboywhoisstandingatthedoorismyson.2、在“oneofthe+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Thisisoneofthebestbooksthathaveeverbeenwrittenonthesubject.3、在“theonlyoneofthe+复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one是先行词，关系
2、代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。例如：Thisistheonlyoneofthebestbooksthathaseverbeenwrittenonthesubject.II.关系代词的省略在限制性定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略；作宾语时在口语中可以省略。在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词不能省略。例如：Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Thefinger(that)Iputintomymouthwasnottheone(that)Ihaddippedintot
3、hecup.AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasshotonApril14,1865.Hismother,whomheloveddearly,diedin1818.III.正确使用that和which1、that指物，有时也可以指人,which指物，不能指人。Which可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以放在介词后面，that则不能。例如：Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaper?(正)Whoist
4、hemanwhichisreadingthenewspaper?（误）Theroominwhichshelivesisalargeone.（正）Theroominthatshelivesisalargeone.（误）2、先行词前面有形容词最高级，序数词,next,last,very,any,little,no等修饰时，用that不用which引导定语从句。例如：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.（正）ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveseen.（误）3、先
5、行词是all,much,little,none等时，用that而不用which引导定语从句。例如：That’sallthatIwanttosay.（正）That’sallwhichwanttosay.（误）4、先行词是不定代词something,anything,anything,everything时，一般用that而不用which引导定语从句。例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwantinthisshop?（正）Isthereanythingwhichyouwantinthissho
6、p?（误）5、先行词是人和物时，要用that而不用which/who引导定语从句。例如：Hetalkedaboutsomewritersandbooksthatwereunknowntousall.（正）Hetalkedaboutsomewritersandbookswhich/whowereunknowntousall.（误）6、先行词本身是that时，一般用which引导定语从句。例如：Thepredicateisthatwhichissaidofthesubject.7、在who开头的疑问句中，若
7、还要用关系代词引导定语从句时，用that引导定语从句。例如：Whoisthegirlthatissinginginthehall?8、当关系词后面有插入语时用which引导定语从句。例如：HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelptoimproveyourEnglish.IV.定语从句要用关系词引导。例如：Ihavethreefriends,noneofwhomcanspeakFrench.（正）Ihavethreefriends,n
8、oneofthemcanspeakFrench.（误）注：若把逗号“，”改为分号“；”误句也就变为正确的句子了。6V.先行词受such,thesame修饰时，通常用as引导定语从句。例如：ThisisnotsuchabookasIwant.ThisisthesamebookasIwant.试比较：thesame…as与thesame…thatThisisthesameknifeasIlost.________________________
