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1、河北农业大学本科毕业(设计)论文外文文献翻译学院:城乡建设学院专业班级:农业水利工程0901班学号:13学生姓名:周飞指导教师姓名:高惠嫣指导教师职称:讲师二零一三年三月6Water-savingirrigation1.Existingwater-savingirrigationmethodsIrrigationmethods,fieldwaterdistributionmethodishowtohavebeensenttothefarms,theirrigationwaterisevenlydistributedtotheactivelayerofthecroproot.Irrigation
2、wateristhemeansbywhichtoentertheactivelayerofroots,irrigationmethodscanbedividedintosurfaceirrigation,sprinklerirrigation,micro-irrigationandundergroundirrigation.1.1surfaceirrigationSurfaceirrigationisanancienttraditionalirrigationmethod,ingeneral,itisascomparewhetherwater-savingbasispoints.Surface
3、irrigationtechnologyareconstantlydevelopandconstantlyimprove,sotherearemanymorewater-efficientthantraditionalsurfaceirrigationtechnology.1.1.1newfurrowirrigationtoolsTraditionalfurrowirrigationwithartificialopeningfromthedistributionchannelwaterintothefurrow,itisneitheraccurateandinconvenient,andoft
4、encausethefieldofwaterlossduetowaterportleakagecountrieshavealreadyadoptedthesiphon(foropenchannelwater)orgateholepipe(aqueduct)drainage,Chinahasdoneanumberoftests,proventoimprovefieldwaterutilizationrateof5%to10%.1.1.2surgeirrigationModernforeigndevelopedwaveChung(groove)borderirrigationorintermitt
5、entditch(furrow)irrigation,trafficcontrolintotheditch(furrow)isintermittentwaterandthenputaperiodoftime(afewminutesortensofminutes)tofieldstopthewaterforsometime(afewminutesortensofminutes),andsoforth,sothatyoucanmakealongtheditch(furrow)thelengthdirectionofthewaterdistributionismoreuniform.Fieldsof
6、waterutilizationupto80%to90%.Filmholeirrigation(alsoknownasthefilmholeirrigation)Gully,madeonthefilmofwaterflowinthemembrane,cropsgrowholetopenetratetheland,sothatirrigationefficiencyishigh,generallywater-saving25%to35%,anincreaseof15%to20%,theydonotspecificallyfacilities.1.2IrrigationSprinklertospr
7、aythroughtheair,duetothepressureofthecommonlyusedpressureaqueduct.Ingeneral,itsobviousadvantagesirrigationuniformity,lessoffarmland,savemanpower,strongadaptabilitytotheterrain.Themaindisadvantageisinf