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1、河北农业大学本科毕业（设计）论文外文文献翻译学院：城乡建设学院专业班级：农业水利工程0901班学号：2009224010113学生姓名：周飞指导教师姓名：高惠嫣指导教师职称：讲师二零一三年三月6Water-savingirrigation1.Existingwater-savingirrigationmethodsIrrigationmethods,fieldwaterdistributionmethodishowtohavebeensenttothefarms,theirrigationwaterisevenlydistributedtotheactivelayerofthec
2、roproot.Irrigationwateristhemeansbywhichtoentertheactivelayerofroots,irrigationmethodscanbedividedintosurfaceirrigation,sprinklerirrigation,micro-irrigationandundergroundirrigation.1.1surfaceirrigationSurfaceirrigationisanancienttraditionalirrigationmethod,ingeneral,itisascomparewhetherwater-
3、savingbasispoints.Surfaceirrigationtechnologyareconstantlydevelopandconstantlyimprove,sotherearemanymorewater-efficientthantraditionalsurfaceirrigationtechnology.1.1.1newfurrowirrigationtoolsTraditionalfurrowirrigationwithartificialopeningfromthedistributionchannelwaterintothefurrow,itisneith
4、eraccurateandinconvenient,andoftencausethefieldofwaterlossduetowaterportleakagecountrieshavealreadyadoptedthesiphon(foropenchannelwater)orgateholepipe(aqueduct)drainage,Chinahasdoneanumberoftests,proventoimprovefieldwaterutilizationrateof5%to10%.1.1.2surgeirrigationModernforeigndevelopedwaveC
5、hung(groove)borderirrigationorintermittentditch(furrow)irrigation,trafficcontrolintotheditch(furrow)isintermittentwaterandthenputaperiodoftime(afewminutesortensofminutes)tofieldstopthewaterforsometime(afewminutesortensofminutes),andsoforth,sothatyoucanmakealongtheditch(furrow)thelengthdirecti
6、onofthewaterdistributionismoreuniform.Fieldsofwaterutilizationupto80%to90%.Filmholeirrigation(alsoknownasthefilmholeirrigation)Gully,madeonthefilmofwaterflowinthemembrane,cropsgrowholetopenetratetheland,sothatirrigationefficiencyishigh,generallywater-saving25%to35%,anincreaseof15%to20%,theydo
7、notspecificallyfacilities.1.2IrrigationSprinklertospraythroughtheair,duetothepressureofthecommonlyusedpressureaqueduct.Ingeneral,itsobviousadvantagesirrigationuniformity,lessoffarmland,savemanpower,strongadaptabilitytotheterrain.Themaindisadv
