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1、本科毕业论文(设计)外文翻译原文:Multi-echeloninventorymanagementinsupplychainsHistorically,theechelonsofthesupplychain,warehouse,distributors,retailers,etc.,havebeenmanagedindependently,bufferedbylargeinventories.Increasingcompetitivepressuresandmarketglobalizationareforcingfirmstodevelopsupplychainsthatcanqui
2、cklyrespondtocustomerneeds.Toremaincompetitiveanddecreaseinventory,thesefirmsmustusemulti-echeloninventorymanagementinteractively,whilereducingoperatingcostsandimprovingcustomerservice.Supplychainmanagement(SCM)isanintegrativeapproachforplanningandcontrolofmaterialsandinformationflowswithsupplie
3、rsandcustomers,aswellasbetweendifferentfunctionswithinacompany.Thisareahasdrawnconsiderableattentioninrecentyearsandisseenasatoolthatprovidescompetitivepower.SCMisasetofapproachestointegratesuppliers,manufacturers,warehouses,andstoresefficiently,sothatmerchandiseisproducedanddistributedatrightqu
4、antities,totherightlocationsandattherighttime,inordertominimizesystem-widecostswhilesatisfyingservice-levelrequirements.Sothesupplychainconsistsofvariousmembersorstages.Asupplychainisadynamic,stochastic,andcomplexsystemthatmightinvolvehundredsofparticipants.Inventoryusuallyrepresentsfrom20to60pe
5、rcentofthetotalassetsofmanufacturingfirms.Therefore,inventorymanagementpoliciesprovecriticalindeterminingtheprofitofsuchfirms.Inventorymanagementis,toagreaterextent,relevantwhenawholesupplychain(SC),namelyanetworkofprocurement,transformation,anddeliveringfirms,isconsidered.Inventorymanagementisi
6、ndeedamajorissueinSCM,i.e.anapproachthataddressesSCissuesunderanintegratedperspective.InventoriesexistthroughouttheSCinvariousformsforvariousreasons.ThelackofacoordinatedinventorymanagementthroughouttheSCoftencausesthebullwhipeffect,namelyanamplificationofdemandvariabilitymovingtowardstheupstrea
7、mstages.Thiscausesexcessiveinventoryinvestments,lostrevenues,misguidedcapacityplans,ineffectivetransportation,missedproductionschedules,andpoorcustomerservice.Manyscholarshavestudiedtheseproblems,aswellasemphasizedtheneedofi