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1、外文文献：ASURVEYONMOTIONIMAGEANDTHESEARCHOFMOTIONVECTORAftermotiondetection,surveillancesystemsgenerallytrackmovingobjectsfromoneframetoanotherinanimagesequence.Thetrackingalgorithmsusuallyhaveconsiderableintersectionwithmotiondetectionduringprocessing.Trackingovertimetypicallyinvolvesmatchingobjectsin
2、consecutiveframesusingfeaturessuchaspoints,linesorblobs.UsefulmathematicaltoolsfortrackingincludetheKalmanfilter,theCondensationalgorithm,thedynamicBayesiannetwork,thegeodesicmethod,etc.Trackingmethodsaredividedintofourmajorcategories:region-basedtracking,active-contour-basedtracking,featurebasedtr
3、acking,andmodel-basedtracking.Itshouldbepointedoutthatthisclassificationisnotabsoluteinthatalgorithmsfromdifferentcategoriescanbeintegratedtogether.A.Region-BasedTrackingRegion-basedtrackingalgorithmstrackobjectsaccordingtovariationsoftheimageregionscorrespondingtothemovingobjects.Forthesealgorithm
4、s,thebackgroundimageismaintaineddynamically,andmotionregionsareusuallydetectedbysubtractingthebackgroundfromthecurrentimage.Wrenetal.exploretheuseofsmallblobfeaturestotrackasinglehumaninanindoorenvironment.Intheirwork,ahumanbodyisconsideredasacombinationofsomeblobsrespectivelyrepresentingvariousbod
5、ypartssuchashead,torsoandthefourlimbs.Meanwhile,bothhumanbodyandbackgroundscenearemodeledwithGaussiandistributionsofpixelvalues.Finally,thepixelsbelongingtothehumanbodyareassignedtothedifferentbodypart’sblobsusingthelog-likelihoodmeasure.Therefore,bytrackingeachsmallblob,themovinghumanissuccessfull
6、ytracked.Recently,McKennaetal.[11]proposeanadaptivebackgroundsubtractionmethodinwhichcolorandgradientinformationarecombinedtocopewithshadowsandunreliablecolorcuesinmotionsegmentation.Trackingisthenperformedatthreelevelsofabstraction:regions,people,andgroups.Eachregionhasaboundingboxandregionscanmer
7、geandsplit.Ahumaniscomposedofoneormoreregionsgroupedtogetherundertheconditionofgeometricstructureconstraintsonthehumanbody,andahumangroupconsistsofoneormorepeoplegroupedtogether.Therefore,usingtheregiontrac
