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1、摘要在钻井工业中,不断提高自动化水平是钻井过程中所面临的许多问题的途径之一。人们的注意力一般放在是否可以通过取消钻台和整台钻机上的工作人员,或者使这些工作人员处于间接操作环境之下,来解决工作人员的现有问题、提高作业速度、减少事故率。在起下钻过程中需要将钻杆从井口移送到排放架或从排放架移送到井口,即钻杆排放操作。特点是具有危险性;是一个重复性高而劳动强度大的过程;花费大量时间;需要多人合作共同完成。在海上钻井作业中常遇风浪,工作环境恶劣,安全情况更为突出。同时,海上钻井成本很高,加快钻井速度,缩短钻井周期显得尤为重要。20世纪40年代,人们开
2、始探索使钻杆操作机械化的各种方法,于是产生了钻杆排放系统,实现钻井过程中井口到排放架之间钻杆排放的自动化操作,避免人与钻杆的直接接触,并可加快起下钻速度,对降低海上钻井作业成本发挥了重要作用。关键字:钻杆自动排放系统;机械化;自动化IIIOffshoredrillingplatformdrillrodautomaticemissionsandbladingsystemdesignAbstractInthewelldrillingindustry,raisestheautomatedlevelisonewhichofunceasinglyma
3、nyquestionwaysinthewelldrillingprocessfaces.Thepeople'sattentionplacesgenerallywhethercanthroughcancelthedrillstandandputinorderontheTaiwandrillingmachine'sstaff,orcausesthesestafftobeundertheindirectoperationenvironment,solvesstaff'sexistingproblem,toraisetheoperatingspee
4、d,thereducedaccidentrate.drillsintheprocessunderhavingtoneedtotransferthedrillrodfromthewellheadtoemissionsorfromdischargestheframetotransferthewellhead,namelydrillrodemissionsoperation.Thecharacteristichastherisk;Isaduplicationhighlaborintensitybigprocess;Spendsthemassive
5、time;Needsthemulti-peopletocooperatecompletestogether.0ftenmeetsthestormintheoffshoredrillingwork,theworkingconditionsisbad,thesecuritysituationismoreprominent.Atthesametime,theoffshoredrillingcostisveryhigh,speedsupthewelldrillingspeed,reducesthewelldrillingcycleappearses
6、peciallyimportant.The1940s,thepeoplestarttoexplorecausethedrillrodoperationmechanizationeachmethod,thereforehasproducedthedrillroddraindownsystem,realizesinthewelldrillingprocessdischargesthewellheadtheautomatedoperationwhichtoanemissionsbetweendrillrod,avoidsthepersonandd
7、rillrod'simmediatecontact,andmayspeedupunderdrillsthespeed,toreducedtheoffshoredrillingcostofoperationtoplaytheinfluentialrole.Keywords:Drillrodautomaticdraindownsystem;Mechanization;Automatic窗体顶端窗体底端III目录摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………IAbstract……………………………………………………………
8、……………………II目录………………………………………………………………………………………III引言11海洋钻井平台钻杆自动排放及移运系统分析、原理分析31.1钻杆自动系统分析3