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1、第十二讲词形变换类题型的几个考点一、可数名词单数变复数类1．规则变化: （1）一般情况加-s,如:girls,books,pens,bags,boys,days等。（2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-es,如:buses,boxes,watches,brushes（3）以o结尾的名词，无生命的名词多加-s，有生命的名词多加-es。（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加-es,如:city→cities,story→stories（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v加-es。如:leaf→leaves,knife→k
2、nives,shelf→shelves，wife→wives等。2．不规则变化的名词要熟记：man→men,woman→women,child→children,foot→feet，tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,people→people,sheep→sheep,Chinese→Chinese，Japanese→Japanese，deer→deer二、动词/名词变形容词类1．在动词后加后缀-ful如：care→careful，use→useful;thank→thankful，help→helpful;w
3、onder→wonderful，forget→forgetful2．在名词后加-y如：luck→lucky，cloud→cloudy;wind→windy，rain→rainy;sun→sunny,snow→snowy noise-noisy，health→healthy3．在名词后加-ly如：friend→friendly，love→lovely，day→daily4．方位名词加-ern如：east→eastern，west→westernsouth→southern，north→northern三、形容词加后缀变成名
4、词1．形容词加-ty变成名词如：safe→safety，difficult→difficulty 2．形容词加-th变成名词如：true→truth，warm→warmth，young→youth四、形容词变副词类形容词修饰名词、代词等作定语或表语；副词修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。1．一般形容词词尾加-ly变成副词，如：slow→slowly， clear→clearly quick→quickly，quiet→quietlycareful→carefully，sudden→suddenlyreal→really，po
5、lite→politelysafe→safely，wide→widely2．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，要变y为i加-ly如：easy→easily，happy→happilyheavy→heavily，lucky→luckilybusy→busily，angry→angrily;3．以元音字母＋e结尾，去e加-ly如：true→truly4．以辅音字母加-le结尾，去e加-y如：terrible→terriblypossible→possibly5．形容词与副词同形如：fast→fast，early→early，high
6、→high，hard→hard6．注意：hard作形容词时意思是“困难的；硬的；生硬的”等；作副词时意思是“努力地”。hardly是否定副词，意思是“几乎不”。五、动词变名词类1．动词加-er变成名词如：work→workerfarm→farmerteach→teachersing→singerspeak→speakerplay→playerread→readerdrive→driverwrite→writerride→riderdance→dancerrun→runnerwin→winner cook→cookertr
7、avel→traveler2．动词加-or变成名词如：visit→visitor，invent→inventor，conduct→conductor，act→actor六、基数词变序数词类：主要掌握好1---12和20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90及21、22、23这几个序数词的形式：one→firsttwenty→twentiethtwo→secondthirty→thirtieththree→thirdforty→fortiethfour→fourthfifty→fiftiethfive→fifthsix
8、ty→sixtiethsix→sixthseventy→seventiethseven→seventheighty→eightietheight→eighthninety→ninetiethnine→ninthten→tentheleven→eleventhtwelve→twelfthtwenty-one→twent
