英语：动词的语态

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1、英语：动词的语态1.语态的概念语态———英语动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语的关系，英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态主语是动作的执行者Weplanttreeseveryyear.被动语态主语是动作的承受着Threesareplanted(byus)everyyear.2.主动语态:主语+谓语+宾语3.被动语态助动词be+及物动词的过去分词,下面以动词tell为例一般进行完成现在am/is/aretoldam/is/arebeingtoldhave/hasbeentold过去was/weretoldwas/werebeingtoldhadbeentold将来

2、will/shallbetoldshall/willhavebeentold过去将来would/shouldbetoldshould/wouldhavebeentold情态动词情态动词+betold注意：被动语态没有完成进行时和将来进行时4.八种语态的举例+情态动词时态举例一般现在Footballisplayedallovertheworld.They___________________(invite)totakeparties.一般过去Hewasinvitedtodinneryesterdayevening.Thebuildings__________________

3、_(build)lastyear.一般将来Anewbridgewillbebuiltnextyear.Theclass____________________(tell)thegoodnewslater.过去将来Hesaidthetreeswouldbeplantedsoon.Thesaidtheproblem_________________________(solve)soon.Thepictureshavebeenputonthewall.现在完成Mycar_________________________(repair).过去完成Theysaidthattheir

4、workhadbeenfinished.Hesaidthatwhentoleave___________________(decide).现在进行Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinourvillage.Thequestion____________________(discuss)atthemeetingnow.过去进行Thequestionwasbeingdiscussedatthistimeyesterday.Ourclassroomsandlabs_______________________(clean)atthattime.情态动词Theseexe

5、rcisesmustbedoneinclass.Morerice____________________(produce)nextyear.5.主动语态变为被动语态类型变化举例主动语态被动语态带有一个宾语变宾语为主语Ibrokethebottle.Thebottlewasbrokenbyme.带有宾语从句从句的主语做被动语态的主语Heknewthathewasdying.Hewasknowntobedying.Itwasknownthathewasdying.有时可用if做形式主语带有双宾语将其中一个宾语变为主语Hegavemeabook.Iwasgivenabookby

6、him.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.常带双宾语的动词:give,send,take,teach,show,tell,pay,offer,pass,hand,borrow,lend,promise,bring,make,write,sell,buy,ask,get,sing形容词做宾补Ithinkhimright.Heisthoughtright.带有复合宾语（动词+宾语+宾补）只能将宾语变为主语名词做宾补Wemadehimourmonitor,Hewasmadeourmonitor.不定式做宾语Heaskedmetogowithhim.Iwasasked

7、togowithhim.现在分词作宾补Iheardhimsinging.Hewasheardsinging.过去分词做宾补Iheardthesongsung.Thesongwasheardsung.带有情态动词情态动词+be+动词过去分词Wemustcleantheroom.Theroommustbecleaned.带有词组做谓语保留动词所带的介词或副词I’lllookaftertheboy.Theboywillbelookedafter(byme).注意：1.所有带不定式做宾补的主动语态变为被动语态时，不定式必须带to，包括