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ID:952855
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页数:11页
时间:2017-10-12
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1、专题一句子成分1.主语:动作的发出者,或:一个句子中的陈述对象。Helaughed.Swimmingisinteresting.拓展:Helaughsbestwholaughslast.(人称代词和关系代词)Swimmingisinteresting.(动名词作主语)Hiswordsaretrue.(名词作主语)Whathesaidistrue.(主语从句)2.谓语:主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。Heislyingontheground.(动词作谓语,表示:主语状态)拓展:Heiscryingnow.(谓语动词:现在进行时)Ihaveseenthemovie
2、before.(谓语动词:现在完成时)3.宾语:动作的对象或承受者或内容。IloveEnglish.拓展:Ilovehim.(代词作宾语)Ilovedancing.(动名词作宾语)Iwanttoseeyou.(不定式作宾语)Ibelieveyourwords.(名词作宾语)Ibelievewhatyousaid.(从句,即宾语从句)4.宾补:补充、说明宾语的成分。HegraduallyfoundEnglishinteresting.Weallchoosehimmonitor.拓展:HegraduallyfoundEnglishinteresting.(形容词)We
3、allchoosehimmonitor.(名词)Thehotelmakesmeatease.(介词短语)Theteachertoldmetoleaveatonce.(不定式)Canyouseethegirldancingoverthere?(现在分词)11Isawtheboytakentotheoffice.(过去分词)怎么辨别“主—谓—宾—宾”和“主—谓—宾—宾补”?宾语和宾补之间其实是主谓关系。Hecallsmeuncle.[→Iamhisuncle]Isawhimtakenaway.[→Hewastakenaway.]Ifoundhimintheroom.[
4、→Hewasintheroom.]而两个宾语之间不存在主谓关系:Hegavemeabook.[不能理解为:*Iamabook.]5.表语:说明主语的身份、特征、状态的成分,位于系动词后面。Heisateacher.Heistired.拓展:Heisateacher.(名词)Myhobbyisswimming.(动名词)Helooksnice.(形容词)Mysuggestionisthatyoustartatonce.(表语从句)表语通常位于系动词后。英语中有哪些系动词呢?“是”:be,prove,turnout;remain;stay;keep;“变得”:beco
5、me,get,turn,go,fall;“感官”:feel,smell,sound,taste,look,seem,appear系动词具有哪些特征呢?①后面通常跟形容词不跟副词。比较:Shelooksbeautiful.Shesingsbeautifully.②不用被动形式。错误:Thedishistasteddelicious.正确:Thedishtastesdelicious.错误:Tastednice,thedishwaseatenupquickly.正确:Tastingnice,thedishwaseatenupquickly.6.定语:修饰制名词的成分。
6、Heisacarefuldriver.11拓展:Ourchemistryteacherputakindofchemicalsubstanceonthedesk.(名词;形容词)Heisacarefuldriver.(形容词)Heisadriverwhodrivescarefully.(定语从句)Iknowtheboywearingajacket.(现在分词短语)Iliketheboywhoiswearingajacket.(定语从句)IlikethebookswrittenbyLuXun.(过去分词短语)Ilikethebooksthatwerewrittenby
7、LuXun.(定语从句)7.状语:修饰制动词、形容词和句子的成分。IvisitedtheGreatWallyesterday.(时间状语)拓展:Hestudieshard.(副词)Hecoulddanceattheageofseven.(介词短语)Hecoulddancewhenhewasseven.(从句)Iamsorryforcominglate.(介词短语)IamsorrybecauseIamlate.(从句)8.同位语:句子中指代同一事物的另外一个名词短语或名词性从句。IamLiHua,ChairmanoftheStudents’Union.(名词作同位语
8、)Thef
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