by pursuing more education, do mothers set their children on

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1、TheEffectsofIncreasedMaternalEducationonChildren’sAcademicOutcomes:EvidencefromtheECLS-KKatherineMagnuson&HilaryShagerUniversityofWisconsin-MadisonThisdraftwaspreparedfortheITPSpringTrainingSeminar,April11,2008Pleasedonotciteorcirculatewithouttheauthors’permission33Introduct

2、ionBypursuingmoreeducation,domotherssettheirchildrenonbetteracademiccourses?Ordosuchpursuitsdolittletoalterchildren’sacademictrajectories?Researchshowsthatchildrenofmorehighlyeducatedparentsenterschoolwithhigherlevelsofacademicskillsandcontinuetoperformbetterthanotherchildre

3、n(Entwisle&Alexander,1993;Lee&Burkham,2002).Socialscientistsoftenattributethisachievementgaptothemixofeconomicandsocialadvantagesaffordedbyhigherlevelsofparentaleducation,butdebatescontinueontheextenttowhichparentaleducationiscausallyassociatedwithchildren’sachievement(Sobel

4、,1998).Researchershavestudiedparentaleducationlargelyasifitwerestatic;yet,ithasbecomeincreasinglycommonforadultstoaccrueeducationinadiscontinuousfashion,andtoextendtheirschoolingwellintoadulthood(Astone,Schoen,Ensminger&Rothert,2000;Jacobs&Stoner-Eby,1998).Awareoftheincreasi

5、ngimportanceofaskilledlaborforce,policymakershavecreatedincentivesforadultstoreturntoschool;forexample,byofferingtuitiontaxcreditsandpubliclyfundingadultbasiceducationandjobtrainingprograms.Nationalestimatessuggestthatnowover20percentofadultwomenpursuesometypeofeducation(Ric

6、h&Kim,1999),andabout27percentofallfemalecollegestudentsareoverage25(Shin,2005).Economicallydisadvantagedwomen,andmothersinparticular,areespeciallylikelytoreturntoschoollaterinlife.Recentstudiesfindthatcloseto50percentoflow-incomemothersattendschoolafterthebirthoftheirchildre

7、n(Loveetal.,2002;McGroder,Zaslow,Moore&LeMenestrel,2000;Rich&Kim,1999).Nearly20yearsagoFurstenberg,Brooks-GunnandMorgan(1987)foundthatsomechildrenborntopoor,urban,adolescentmothersseemedtoflourishdespiteexperiencingthesameadverseearlyenvironmentsaspeerswhodidnotfaresowell.Ov

8、er50percentofmothersintheirstudyhadattendedschoolafterthebirthoftheirchildr