资源描述：
《高中定语从句讲解与练习》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、定语从句一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。4.引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前（先行词之后）。【as除外】6.引导词的功能（作用）：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语
2、）。7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间无逗号）。① 直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend. ② 由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a
3、letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was
4、 built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。① 直接由引导词引导定语从句。② 由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导。I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree.There is an appl
5、e tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples.This is the man to whom I gave the book.③ 由“代词/名词+ofwhom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指人用whom,指物用which)引导。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或o
6、f which连用。He has five children, two of whom are abroad.(比较：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.)We have three books, none of which is/are interesting.(比较：We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting.)除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以
7、，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。2.非限定性定语从句的作用：它只是补充说明先行词的情况，翻译时可译成两个句子。The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital.（那位工程师被很快送往医院，其腿部受了重伤）The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital. （那位腿部受了重伤的工程
8、师被很快送往医院）3.在非限定性定语从句中，任何引导词都不能省略（包括引导词在此定语从句中充当宾语在内）。指人做主语时只能用who, 做宾语时用whom; 指物做主语，宾语都用which; 关系副词用when或where，也不能省略。The man, ______ is sitting on the chair, is my father.The woman, _______ I met yesterday, i
