data processing concepts& models - most数据处理概念&amp；模型-最

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1、DataProcessingConcepts&ModelsPart1(50)marksChapter1.1.Definetheterm“DataProcessingindetails.”(8)marksDataprocessingisthecollectionandmanipulationofitemsofdatatoproducemeaningfulinformation.Dataprocessinghaveinvolvedelectronicmeans,principallythecomputer.Electronicdataprocessing(ED)distinguishbetwee

2、n“data”and“information“.Data-isthebasicfactsabouttheactivitiesofabusiness.Examplesarethenumberofhoursworkedbyanyemployee,rateofpay;theamountandtypeofmaterialsconsumedinaparticularprocess,thenumberoftonsoffinishedproductproducedinadayorweek.Information-isobtainedbyassemblingitemsofdataintoameaningfu

3、lform,eg.apayroll,aninvoice,afinancialstatement.Informationcanrangefromasimplereportaboutroutineoperationuptoareportrequiredbytopmanagementtomakestrategicdecisions.2.ExplainaboutbasicDPprinciplesandpracticeswithexamples.(16)marksThemajorcentralizedcomponentsofaninformationsystemarethedataprocessing

4、systems.TheDPsystemsareproducedsoastooperateasacomplete,integratedsetofinter–relatedsub-systems.Themoreadvanced.DPsystemaresometimescalled“Informationsystem“.Dataprocessingisthetermfortheprocessofproducingmeaningfulinformationbycollectingallitemsofdatatogetherandperformingoperationsonthemtoextractt

5、herequiredinformationfromthem.Dataprocessingvaryfrommanualtoelectroniccomputer.TheuseofcomputerissowidespreadinElectronicDataprocessing.Examplesofinformationanddata.(a)Payroll-Largeandsmallcompanieshavetopaytheiremployeesandtheinformationneedsarethepayslip(payroll)andanalysisforaccountingpurposes.F

6、ormanagementcontrolpurpose,analysisoflaborhourscanbeproducedfromsomeformoftimerecordeg.timesheets.(b)Invoice-Companiessellinggoodsoncreditproduceaninvoicesettingoutthedetailsofthesale.Thisinvoiceisneededtorecordthecustomer’sindebtedness.Thecustomerorderdetailsandsellerdetailsofgoodprovidethe“data”f

7、romwhichitiscompiled.(c)StatementofAccount-TheStatementofAccountisthe“Information“comingfrominvoicesandcashreceipts(data).3.WhatarefactorsdeterminingthemethodsofDP.(8)marksCommonfactorsdeterminingthemethods