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1、FEDERALRULESOFEVIDENCEasofAugust1,2010ARTICLEI.GENERALPROVISIONSRule101.ScopeTheserulesgovernproceedingsinthecourtsoftheUnitedStatesandbeforeUnitedStatesbankruptcyjudgesandUnitedStatesmagistratejudges,totheextentandwiththeexceptionsstatedinRule1101.Rule102.PurposeandConstructionTheserulesshallbecon
2、struedtosecurefairnessinadministration,eliminationofunjustifiableexpenseanddelay,andpromotionofgrowthanddevelopmentofthelawofevidencetotheendthatthetruthmaybeascertainedandproceedingsjustlydetermined.Rule103.RulingsonEvidence(a)Effectoferroneousruling.Errormaynotbepredicateduponarulingwhichadmitsor
3、excludesevidenceunlessasubstantialrightofthepartyisaffected,and(1)Objection.Incasetherulingisoneadmittingevidence,atimelyobjectionormotiontostrikeappearsofrecord,statingthespecificgroundofobjection,ifthespecificgroundwasnotapparentfromthecontext;or(2)Offerofproof.Incasetherulingisoneexcludingeviden
4、ce,thesubstanceoftheevidencewasmadeknowntothecourtbyofferorwasapparentfromthecontextwithinwhichquestionswereasked.Oncethecourtmakesadefinitiverulingontherecordadmittingorexcludingevidence,eitheratorbeforetrial,apartyneednotrenewanobjectionorofferofprooftopreserveaclaimoferrorforappeal.31(b)Recordof
5、offerandruling.Thecourtmayaddanyotherorfurtherstatementwhichshowsthecharacteroftheevidence,theforminwhichitwasoffered,theobjectionmade,andtherulingthereon.Itmaydirectthemakingofanofferinquestionandanswerform.(c)Hearingofjury.Injurycases,proceedingsshallbeconducted,totheextentpracticable,soastopreve
6、ntinadmissibleevidencefrombeingsuggestedtothejurybyanymeans,suchasmakingstatementsoroffersofprooforaskingquestionsinthehearingofthejury.(d)Plainerror.Nothinginthisruleprecludestakingnoticeofplainerrorsaffectingsubstantialrightsalthoughtheywerenotbroughttotheattentionofthecourt.31Rule104.Preliminary
7、Questions(a)Questionsofadmissibilitygenerally.Preliminaryquestionsconcerningthequalificationofapersontobeawitness,theexistenceofaprivilege,ortheadmissibilityofevidenceshallbedeterminedbythecourt,subjecttoth
