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1、象征主义专题（SeminaronSymbolism）Directory:31.whatissymbolism?32.whataretheartisticfeaturesofsymbolism?33.,howdoesthemaster'shistorybreakthroughtherealismandchangethebrushfromtheexternalmaterialworldtotheinnerspiritualworld?34.howdoessymbolismgoawayfromRomanticisma
2、ndusesymbolicsuggestion?35.whydoessymbolismopposepositivismandnaturalismandattachimportancetothesubjectivecognitivefunctionandthecreativeroleofartisticimagination?--------------------------------------------------------------------------------31.whatissymbol
3、ism?Symbolismisamodernliterarygenrethathasproducedtheearliest,mostinfluentialandmostextensivemodernliteratureinthewesternmodernistliteratureoverthepast100years.Therearepresymbolismandlatersymbolism.Thename"symbolism"firstappearedin1886.Firstofall,theFrenchpo
4、etReneJillpublishedaBookof"words",triestodeterminethenewtendencyandnewachievementssinceBaudelaireavant-gardewritersappearedintheartofpoetrysystematically,MarawroteaprefacetotheUnitedstates.InSeptember15thofthesameyear,ayoungGreekpoetwhosettledinFranceforalon
5、gtime.Moreasin"LeFigaro"published"literarydeclaration",advocatetheuseof"symbolist"torefertothistitlewhenusingsymbolismpoetrycreationofmodernpoets.Thisdeclarationhasreceivedextensiveandenthusiasticresponse.Sincethen,theschoolofFrenchSymbolismhasofficiallyemer
6、ged.Infact,Moreasisnotapioneerofsymbolism.HiscontributionwastheintroductionofGreektoFranceandtheappellationforthisgenre.Thename"symbolism"comesfromtheword"Symbol".ItsoriginalmeaninginGreekmeans"apieceofwood(orapottery)isdividedintotwohalves,bothsidesofthehos
7、tandtheguestholdoneofthem,andwhentheymeetagain,theymakeapledgetoshowfriendship.".Aftertheevolutionwillbecome"asaconceptwithaformoflearning,whichisfedonbehalfofanyideasorthingsonbehalfoflead,whocanexpresssomeconceptsandsymbolsoritemsofthingsiscalledthe"symbol
8、".Itisdifferentfromtheusualmetaphor,itinvolvestheessenceofthings,meaningfardeeperthanmetaphor.Asearlyasinthetitleofmaureillasproposed30yearsago,symbolismhasbeenproduced.In1857,Baudelaire,ayoungF
