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1、Word-FormationAbstract:AfurtherwaybesidesborrowinginwhichthevocabularyofEnglishhasexpandedtoaccommodatetothenaturalandsocialworldinwhichitisusedhasbeentoemploymeansinternaltothelanguageitselffordevisingnewword.Thisistheareaofword-formation.Morphologicalprod
2、uctivitycanbedefinedasthepropertyofagivenwordformationprocesstobeusedtoderiveanewwordinasystematicfashion.Mostlinguistsdividetheword-formationintomajorword-formationandminorword-formation.Themajorword-formationalprocessesare:-Affixation-Compounding-Conversi
3、onTheminorword-formationalprocessesare:-Abbreviation-Backformation-OnomatopoeiaKeyWord:affixation,derivative,compounding,abbreviation,onomatopoeia1AffixationAffixation,alsocalledderivation,isaprocessinwhichafreemorphiscombinedwithaboundmorph,aprefix,orasuff
4、ix.Itisgenerallydefinedastheformationofwordsbyaddingderivationalaffixestodifferenttypesofbases.Therearetwotypesofderivative.Onebasesonfreerootwithaffixorboundroot,theotherbasesonboundwithaffixorotherboundroot.1.1Typesofaffixes-prefixes-suffixes-infixes8Mode
5、rnEnglishhasanumberofhighlyproductiveaffixes.Forexample,theprefixovercanbeaddedtoverbswhichexpressactivitiestoindicatethattoomuchhastakenplace,i.e.somethinghasbeenoverdone,cf.overcook,overcoat,overstay.Likewise,thesuffix–nesscanbeaddedtoanadjectivemakeanoun
6、designatingthequalityexpressbytheadjective,itsnouniness,sotospeak.1.2Twotypesofderivative’sstructure1.2.1Freeroot+affix/boundroot1)prefix+freeroote.g.:Indefinite(a.uncertain),unforgettable(a.memorable),minibus(coach)2)free+suffixe.g.:wealthy(a.rich),success
7、ful(a,achievingaims),extremely(adv,toaveryhighde.g.ree),comfortably(adv.inacomfortableway)3)prefix+freeroot+suffixe.g.:enrichment(a.sb/sthbeingrichorricher),international(a.connectedwithtwoormorecountries),unchangeable(a.thatcannotbechanged)4)combiningform+
8、freeroote.g.Afro-American,Afro-Asian,techno-chemistry,microwave1.2.2Boundroot+affix/boundroot1)prefix+boundroot(withoutformation)e.g.contradict(v.tosaysbhassaidiswrong),descend(v.godown),despair(v.give
