专利、引用、革新 patents, citations, and innovations, a window on the knowledge economy(可编辑)

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1、专利、引用、革新Patents,Citations,andInnovations,AWindowontheKnowledgeEconomyPatentsCitationsandInnovationsThispageintentionallyleftblankPatentsCitationsandInnovationsAWindowontheKnowledgeEconomyAdamBJaffeandManuelTrajtenbergTheMITPressCambridgeMassachusettsLondonEn

2、gland2002MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAllrightsreservedNopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeansincludingphotocopyingrecordingandinformationstorageandretrievalwithoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisherThisbookwassetinPalat

3、inoon3B2byAscoTypesettersHongKongandwasprintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmericaFirstprinting2002LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataJaffeAdamBPatentscitationsandinnovationsawindowontheknowledgeeconomyAdamBJaffeManuelTrajtenbergpcmIncludesbibliogra

4、phicalreferencesandindexISBN0-262-10095-9hc1Patents2Inventions3TechnologicalinnovationsITrajtenbergManuelT211J342002608dc212001056257TothememoryofZviGrilichesmoreinuve-rabeinuteachermentorbeaconofwisdomThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsForewordixPaulRome

5、rAcknowledgmentsxiTheDataDiskxv1Introduction1AdamBJaffeandManuelTrajtenbergIConceptualandMethodologicalFoundations232APennyforYourQuotesPatentCitationsandtheValueofInnovations25ManuelTrajtenberg3UniversityversusCorporatePatentsAWindowontheBasicnessofInventio

6、n51ManuelTrajtenbergRebeccaHendersonandAdamBJaffe4HowHighAretheGiantsShouldersAnEmpiricalAssessmentofKnowledgeSpilloversandCreativeDestructioninaModelofEconomicGrowth89RicardoJCaballeroandAdamBJaffeIITheGeographyofKnowledgeSpillovers1535GeographicLocalizatio

7、nofKnowledgeSpilloversasEvidencedbyPatentCitations155AdamBJaffeManuelTrajtenbergandRebeccaHendersonviiiContents6FlowsofKnowledgefromUniversitiesandFederalLaboratoriesModelingtheFlowofPatentCitationsoverTimeandacrossInstitutionalandGeographicBoundaries179Adam

8、BJaffeandManuelTrajtenberg7InternationalKnowledgeFlowsEvidencefromPatentCitations199AdamBJaffeandManuelTrajtenbergIIIPolicy-MotivatedEvaluationofInstitutionsandCountries2358UniversitiesasaSource