资源描述：
《webinsight ：制作网页图片的访问》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、本科毕业设计（外文翻译）WebInSight:MakingWebImagesAccessibleWebInSight：制作网页图片的访问年级:2007级学号:姓名:专业:通信工程指导老师:2011年6月第23页WebInSight:MakingWebImagesAccessibleJeffreyP.Bigham,RyanS.Kaminsky,RichardE.Ladner,OscarM.DanielssonandGordonL.HemptonAbstractImageswithoutalternati
2、vetextareabarriertoequalwebaccessforblindusers.Toillustratetheproblem,weconductedaseriesofstudiesthatconclusivelyshowthatalargefractionofsignificantimageshavenoalternativetext.Toamelioratethisproblem,weintroduceWebInSight,asystemthatautomaticallycreates
3、andinsertsalternativetextintowebpageson-the-y.Toformulatealternativetextforimages,wepresentthreelabelingmodulesbasedonwebcontextanalysis,enhancedopticalcharacterrecognition(OCR)andhumanlabeling.Thesystemcachesalternativetextinalocaldatabaseandcanaddnewl
4、abelsseamlesslyafterawebpageisdownloaded,resultinginminimalimpacttothebrowsingexperience.KeywordsWebaccessibility,webstudies,transformationproxy,opticalcharacterrecognition1.INTRODUCTIONBlindusersdonotcurrentlyhaveequalaccesstotheweb.Imagesareusedinnavi
5、gationbars,asformbuttonsandtodisplaytextualandvisualcontent,but,unlesswebauthorsprovidealternativetextfortheseimages,blindusersemployingscreenreadersandrefreshableBrailledisplaysarelefttoguesstheimages’contents.Inourstudieswefoundthatalargefractionofima
6、geslackalternativetext.Forexample,ofthesignificantimagesfoundonthehomepagesofthe500mosthigh-trafficwebsites[1],only39.6%wereassignedalternativetext.Illustratingtheproblem,thehomepageoftheUCLAComputerScienceDepartment(Figure1)contains30imagesthatshouldha
7、vealternativetext,butonlytwo(6.67%)wereassignedanytextatall.Asaresult,ablindusermayhavedifficultynavigatingthispage.Asanotherexample,theUniversityofMichiganComputerScienceandEngineeringDepartmentprovidesalistingofallfacultyonitswebsitealongwiththeircont
8、actinformation(Figure2).Unfortunately,eache-mailaddressispresentedasanimagewithoutequivalentalternativetext,presumablyinamisguidedattempttothwarte-mailharvesters1.Theunintendedconsequence,however,isthatblinduserswhowanttoe-mailth
