王可达老师讲解达氏攻gmat法之界定与贯穿

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1、王可达老师讲解达氏攻GMAT法之界定与贯穿（1）文：王可达，博森英语GMAT教学总监界定和贯穿是达氏攻GMAT法的核心部分。今天我们结合一个实例来体验一下此法的威力。这是一道在网上被广为争论的阅读题。原文：Extensiveresearchhasshownthattheeffectsofshort-termpricepromotionsonsalesarethemselvesshort-term.Companies'hopesthatpromotionsmighthaveapositiveaftereffe

2、cthavenotbeenborneoutforreasonsthatresearchershavebeenabletoidentify.Apricepromotionenticesonlyabrand'slong-termor"loyal"customers;peopleseldombuyanunfamiliarbrandmerelybecausethepriceisreduced.Theysimplyavoidpayingmorethantheyhavetowhenoneoftheircustomary

3、brandsistemporarilyavailableatareducedprice.Apricepromotiondoesnotincreasethenumberoflong-termcustomersofabrand,asitattractsvirtuallynonewcustomersinthefirstplace.Nordopricepromotionshavelingeringaftereffectsforabrand,evennegativeonessuchasdamagetoabrand's

4、reputationorerosionofcustomerloyalty,asisoftenfeared.Sowhydocompaniesspendsomuchonpricepromotions?Clearlypricepromotionsaregenerallyrunataloss,otherwisetherewouldbemoreofthem.Andthebiggertheincreaseinsalesatpromotionprices,thebiggertheloss.Whileshort-termp

5、ricepromotionscanhavelegitimateuses,suchasreducingexcessinventory,itistherecognizableincreaseinsalesthatistheirmainattractiontomanagement,whichisthereforereluctanttoabandonthisstrategydespiteitseffectonthebottomline.Q13:Thepassagesuggeststhatevidenceforpri

6、cepromotions'"effectonthebottomline"(highlighted)isprovidedbyA.thelackoflingeringaftereffectsfrompricepromotionsB.thefrequencywithwhichpricepromotionsoccurC.pricepromotions'inabilitytoattractnewcustomersD.pricepromotions'recognizableeffectonsalesE.thelegit

7、imateusestowhichmanagementcanputpricepromotions解题分析：根据effectonthebottomline所在句子的逻辑关系，reluctanttoabandonthisstrategy应该与之形成转折否定，这是由despite这个逻辑关系词决定的。使用界定技巧的“方向判定”，由于reluctanttoabandonthisstrategy对促销政策表达正面态度，因此推出：effect应该是表达负面态度。先把明显表达正面态度的选项排除：D：促销给销售带来的显著影响

8、，正面，杀（关键词：recognizable，褒义）E：管理层对促销的合理使用，正面，杀（关键词:legtimate，褒义）ABC都说不好，哪个最佳？这题的难点也在于此，按理说，A和C都是明显的负面表达，B偏中性。然而，AC提到的两件事在第一段都出现过，而且恰好组成一个问题的两个方面。直觉告诉我，这是一对捆绑出现的欢喜冤家，要么都对，要么都不对，傻子也知道，单选题的世界里生同鸳鸯，死亦成双。需要静下心来，再读最后