施硒对小麦籽粒硒富集、转化及蛋白质与矿质元素含量的影响

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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2016,42(5):778783http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00778施硒对小麦籽粒硒富集、转化及蛋白质与矿质元素含量的影响*刘庆田侠史衍玺青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109摘要:为研究小麦对外源硒的吸收、转化规律及施硒效应,于2012—2013和2013—20

2、14年冬小麦生长季,通过叶面喷施亚硒酸钠溶液,分析了田间施用硒肥后小麦产量变化、籽粒中硒的富集和转化特征,不同施硒量与施硒时期对硒利用率、籽粒粗蛋白和矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明,施硒对小麦籽粒产量和千粒重无显著影响;籽粒中总硒和有机硒含量随施硒量增加而增大,且有机硒占总硒的比例稳定在78.5%~82.1%之间,相同施硒量条件下,灌浆前期的施用效果–21好于孕穗期;灌浆前期喷施150ghm纯硒,籽粒中总硒含量可达3101μgkg。小麦对硒的利用率在3.3%~19.0%之间,随施硒量的增加而降低,相同施硒量下,硒利

3、用率以灌浆前期喷施最大,孕穗期喷施最小。施硒提高了籽粒中粗蛋白含量,促进了磷、铁、锰、锌4种元素及降低了钠在籽粒中的累积,对钾、镁、铜的含量影响不显著。关键词:硒;有机硒;小麦籽粒;粗蛋白;矿质元素EffectsofSeApplicationonSeAccumulationandTransformationandContentofGrossProteinandMineralElementsinWheatGrain*LIUQing,TIANXia,andSHIYan-XiCollegeofResourcesandEn

4、vironment,QingdaoAgriculturalUniversity,Qingdao266109,ChinaAbstract:Theobjectivesofthisstudyweretounderstandthecharacteristicsofselenium(Se)accumulationandtransformationfrominorganictoorganicforminwheatgrainandtheeffectsofexogenousSeongrainyield,qualityandSeut

5、ilization.Inthe2012–2013and2013–2014winterwheatgrowingseasons,wecarriedoutafieldexperimentwithfoliagesprayofSefertilizer(sodiumselenitesolution)infourSelevelsandthreespraytimingtreatments.Theresultsshowedthatgrainyieldandthou-sand-grainweightofwheatreceivednos

6、ignificantlyeffectfromSefoliagespray.Incontrast,thetotalandorganicSecontentsingrainincreasedwithincreasingtheexogenousSelevel,withtheproportionoforganicSetothetotalSefrom78.5%to82.1%.UnderthesameSeapplicationrate,sprayingatearly-fillingstageresultedinlargerSea

7、ccumulationingrainthansprayingat1–1bootingstage.ThemaximumSecontentingrainwas3101μgkginthetreatmentofSe150ghasprayedatearly-fillingstage.TheSeutilizationrateinwheatrangedfrom3.3%to19.0%,showingadecreasetrendwithmoreexogenousSeapplied.Seutili-zationratewasinfl

8、uencedbySeapplicationtiming,withthemaximumrateatearly-fillingstageandtheminimumrateatbootingstageunderthesameSeapplicationrate.Besides,grainqualityofwheatwasimprovedbyexogenousSeap