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1、热带作物学报2014,35(5):967-973ChineseJournalofTropicalCrops海南省热带牧草病害调查及病原菌初步鉴定郑丽1231141*,易小平,文衍堂,李志阳,李静,何华玄,覃新导中国热带农业科学院广州实验站1广东广州510140中国热带农业科学院热带能源生态研究中心2中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口5711013海南大学环境与植物保护学院,海南海口5702284中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737摘要通过对海南省14种热带牧草病害的
2、田间调查,结果显示,常发生的病害有叶斑病、花/果/茎腐病、枝枯病等,病害类型有39种。分离鉴定的结果表明,真菌性病害32种,细菌性病害1种,根结线虫引起的病害1种,病毒类病害3种,植原体病害1种,寄生性藻类病害1种。初步查明海南省主要热带牧草病害的种类和为害状况,其中柱花草为害最为严重的病害为炭疽病(ColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenZ.),王草则以瘟病[Pyriculariagrisea(Cke.)Sacc]发生最为严重,其他牧草以叶斑病为害居多,为害水平中等至轻微。关键
3、词海南省;热带牧草;病害调查;病原菌中图分类号S432文献标识码APreliminaryReportonInvestigatingDiseasesandIdentifyingPathogensonTropicalPastureinHainan1231141*ZHENGLi,YIXiaoping,WENYantang,LIZhiyang,LIJing,HEHuaxuan,QINXindao1GuangzhouExperimentalStation,ChineseAcademyofTropicalAgric
4、ulturalSciences/TropicalEnergyandEcologyResearchCentre,ChineseAcademyofTropicalAgriculturalSciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510140,China2InstituteofTropicalBioscienceandBiotechnology,ChineseAcademyofTropicalAgriculturalSciences,Haikou,Hainan,571101,China3Dep
5、artmentofPlantPathology,CollegeofPlantProtection,HainanUniversity,Haikou,Hainan570228,China4TropicalCropsGeneticResourcesInstitute,ChineseAcademyofTropicalAgriculturalSciences,Danzhou,Hainan571737,ChinaAbstractBasedoninvestigating14kindsoftropicalforageg
6、rassdiseasecensusinHainanProvince,wefoundthat39kindstropicalforagediseaseswhichmostcommonlyoccurred,suchasleafspot,blighofflower/fruit/stemandrotofbranches,etc.Viarelevantmethodsfortheseparation,itshowedthattherewere32kindsoffungaldiseases,1kindofbacteri
7、aldisease,1kindofrootknotnematodediseasecaused,3kindsofviraldiseases,1kindofplantchlamydialdiseaseand1kindofparasiticdisease.ItpreliminarilygotclearthemainspeciesanddamageconditionsindifferentpastureofHainanProvince,andthemostseriousdiseasesofStylosanthe
8、swasanthracnose(ColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenZ.),whilePennisetumdiseaseofPyriculariagriseaoccursthesame,theotherforagediseasesinthemajoritywithleafspot,weremoderatetominordamagelevel.KeywordsHainanprovince;Tropicalforag